Transmission lines are designed to transfer electric power from source locations to distribution networks. However, their lengths are exposed to various faults. Protective relay and fault recorder systems, based on fundamental power frequency signals, are installed to isolate the faulty line and provide the fault position. However, the error is high especially in transmission lines. This work i...

The three-phase power transformer in the transmission or distribution substations represents one of essential devices on electric networks. Losing this devise cause a disconnection utility to large number electrical loads. robust protection system must be designed protect device during abnormal operations. A complete for poly-phase Karbala networks (East substation) is modeled and simulated, ad...

The presented model based on the quantum confinement and high electric filed effect illustrates velocity approach to the modeling of a P-type silicon nanowire transistor. It has been clarified that the intrinsic velocity of nanowire and other hetero-structure field-effect transistors (FETs) is governed by the transit time of holes (electrons). The length of the channel for ballistic channel is ...

In this paper, an iterative incremental relay selection (IIRS) scheme is considered for wireless cooperative networks in order to increase the reliability of transmission. Different from the conventional incremental relay selection which incrementally selects a best relay for only one iteration; the IIRS scheme iteratively applies the incremental relaying and relay selection processes. To evalu...

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wireless energy transfer system composed of multiple coils via coupled magnetic resonances. To verify the developed model, four types of wireless energy transfer systems are fabricated, measured, and compared with simulation results. To model a system composed of n-coils, node equations are built in the form of an n-by-n matrix, and the equivalent circuit model is established using an electric ...

This invited lecture was presented at the Extension Division of the University of W isconsin at a time when cellular telephone (hence the somewhat obsolete wording of the title) had not yet reached its wide acceptance, but system designers were rightfully concerned with surge protection of that emerging technology. One particular aspect of a cell phone relay tower is that it is often installed ...

This paper discusses test set up and methodology which may be used for wind power plant (WPP) protection system evaluation. The test set up cosists of a digital simulator, a number of physical relays and recorders, as well as software for modeling, simulation, signal editing, etc. Correct operation of the WPP protection system is crucial during grid disturbances to prevent unwanted power source...

Due to the ever-increasing in non linear loads and the worldwide trend to establish smart grids, harmonic level in the electricity grids is significantly increased. In addition to their impact on power quality, harmonic current can have a devastating effect on the operation of over current relays as they are designed to operate efficiently at the fundamental frequency. The distorted waveform wi...