Purpose: Dialysis is a common treatment used for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), where dialysis filter to remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood. The choice of can significantly impact biochemical parameters undergoing dialysis. This study aimed investigate effect Cuprophane on 100 three consecutive sessions at Ramadi Teaching Hospital in Iraq.Methods: Blood samples w...

BACKGROUND Membranes with increasing pore size are introduced to enhance removal of large uremic toxins with regular hemodialysis. These membranes might theoretically have higher permeability for bacterial degradation products. In this paper, permeability for bacterial degradation products of membranes of comparable composition with different pore size was investigated with a new in vitro set-u...

BACKGROUND Several studies have been carried out to evaluate the effects of dialysis on O2 saturation. While the dialysis procedure may lead to hypoxia under different circumstances, there are few studies available on the effects of membrane type on O2 saturation in these patients. OBJECTIVES This study was to appraise the effects of high and low flux membrane on pulse oxymetery in dialysis p...

BACKGROUND Solute(s) retained during uraemia cause increased exposure of aminophospholipid phosphatidylserine (PS) on the outer surface of erythrocyte membranes, and this phenomenon may be involved in the pathophysiology of uraemia by promoting abnormal erythrocyte interactions. METHODS We examined in a prospective randomized cross-over fashion the ability of various dialysis modalities to re...

BACKGROUND There is a need for consensus concerning reference methods to be used for calibration of commercial free-thyroxine (FT(4)) assays. METHODS Three different potential reference techniques were investigated for adsorption of T(4) to membrane materials, including any in vitro solid surfaces to which T(4) might adsorb, and for efficient separation of the T(4)-binding proteins from the f...

Osmosis is usually taught from the point of view of the osmotic pressure developed when solutions of different concentrations of solute are separated by an ideal semipermeable membrane. The osmotic pressure is defined at equilibrium when there is no net flow, and it takes some time to reach this equilibrium. Although the osmotic pressure is certainly important, teaching only this point of view ...

Anaphylactoid reactions (AR) are the most feared complications of hemodialysis. Recently, a high incidence of AR has been reported during dialysis with AN69 membranes in patients treated with ACE inhibitors. Plasma levels of C3a, histamine and bradykinin were measured in 12 patients at the onset of AR during dialysis with AN69. We also investigated bradykinin generation in 10 symptom-free patie...

Several salivary proteins exhibit fungicidal activity against the opportunistic oral pathogen Candida albicans when they are tested as pure proteins in vitro. However, salivary secretions that are examined by the same assays either lack or exhibit very low candidacidal activity. Since ionic strength is known to have an inhibitory effect on the fungicidal activities of some proteins, parotid sec...

Even though numerous studies have helped to better delineate abnormalities of either innate or adaptive immune system in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, understanding immune dysfunctions in ESRD patients remains a very complex puzzle with missing pieces. In this context, we showed that the soluble form of CD40 (sCD40) is elevated in ESRD patients and is associated with a lack of respon...