1. A skin sensitizer refers to a substance that will lead to an allergic response following skin contact (1). There is general agreement regarding the key biological events underlying skin sensitization summarized as an Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) which includes four events recognized as key ones, going from the molecular initiating event to the adverse health effect, i.e., allergic contact d...

The kinetic rate equation for the photosensitized cleavage reaction of surface-bound photolabile chromophores with free diffusion of sensitizer molecules from the bulk of a solution to the surface is derived by determining the stationary solution of a diffusion equation with suitable boundary conditions. The relation between the phenomenological rate constant for the photosensitized reaction at...

Ligand-protected Au 2 Cu 6 cluster exhibits not only fluorescence but also phosphorescence at room temperature and serves as a triplet sensitizer in fusion upconversion.

For a product containing a strong sensitizer to be considered a hazardous substance and to require cautionary labeling under the FHSA, the product must be capable of causing substantial personal injury or substantial illness during, or as a result of, customary or reasonably foreseeable handling or use, including reasonably foreseeable ingestion by children. This requires consideration of the r...

Hydrazine (N(2)H(4)) is a clear, inorganic colourless liquid. It is known to be a skin sensitizer, a corrosive agent and it causes dermatitis on contact. Hydrazine is employed in chemical plants, used as a corrosion inhibitor for feed waters and may be added to rocket fuels. The authors report the case of a 68-year-old man with multiple basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) covering his arms and face. T...

Thin films of Zinc Oxide/Eosin Y were deposited on tungsten wires via electrochemical deposition from aqueous solutions by using the dye Eosin Y as a structure-directing agent (SDA). After deposition the SDA was removed by an aqueous alkaline solution, leaving behind a porous zinc oxide film. As a sensitizer, the dye D149 was adsorbed to the surface of the porous zinc oxide. The films were stud...

We have previously reported a reduction of sensitization to carvone in guinea pigs when adding non-allergenic, structurally related compounds simultaneously at induction. This study investigates the criteria needed to obtain a reduction of sensitization in contact allergy. Linalool, a non-sensitizer structurally unrelated to carvone, significantly reduced the sensitizing capacity of carvone in ...

Olive oil is a mixture of several glycerides of (mainly) oleic acid, but also palmitic, linoleic, stearic and arachidic acids, and also contains squalene, phytosterol, tocopherol and phenolic compounds. It is considered to be a weak irritant and a low-risk sensitizer (1), with the actual allergen(s) being unknown. Apart from its culinary use and its presence in cosmetics, itmayalso beused in to...