Two segmentation methods, one atlas-based and neural-network-based, were compared to see how well they can each automatically segment the brain stem cerebellum in Displacement Encoding with Stimulated Echoes Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DENSE-MRI) data. The is a pre-requisite for estimating average displacements these regions, which have recently been proposed as biomarkers diagnosis of Chiari M...

We read the article by Hayhurst et al. on ‘Hindbrain decompression for Chiari-syringomyelia complex: an outcome analysis comparing surgical techniques’ with interest. We found the authors conclusions on bone only decompression interesting and worth discussion. The literature on Chiari decompression strongly supports duraplasty in symptomatic patients with Chiari malformation. We previously repo...

Platypnea orthodeoxia is a rare syndrome that describes breathlessness on standing that resolves on lying flat. We present a previously healthy patient who developed platypnea orthodeoxia in her eighth decade of life. Cardiovascular imaging demonstrated an atrial septal defect, extensive Chiari network and atrial septal hypertrophy. We propose the development of lipomatous atrial septal hypertr...

BACKGROUND We report our experience with management of patients with Budd Chiari syndrome over the past two decades. In 1996 we described a novel approach involving recanalisation of hepatic veins by combined percutaneous and transvenous approaches. This was incorporated into an algorithm published in 1999 in which our preferred treatment for all cases of Budd Chiari syndrome with short segment...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE CSF fluid dynamics in healthy subjects and patients with Chiari I have been characterized during rest with phase-contrast MR imaging and CFD. CSF flow velocities and pressures in the nonresting state have not been adequately characterized. We used computer simulations to study CSF dynamics during increased heart rates in the normal and Chiari I subarachnoid space. MATER...

Herniation of the hindbrain outside of the setting of intracranial hypertension, trauma, and brain tumors is an uncommon phenomenon with estimated incidence of less than 1%. In the late 1890's, Hans Chiari, a German pathologist, classified hindbrain herniation into three forms. This classification was then extended to include six types. We reviewed the current literature for the proposed embryo...

Budd-Chiari syndrome is a rare but life-threatening disorder characterized by obstruction of the hepatic venous outflow. Treatment depends on the underlying cause, the location, and extent of the obstruction, and the functional capacity of the liver. A stepwise therapeutic approach is commonly accepted. When all other therapy options are unsuccessful, or in case of end-stage liver disease, tran...

A Chiari malformation Type I may remain asymptomatic until the patient has reached adulthood and acute presentation of symptoms occurs. In several clinical and experimental studies it has been shown that essential hypertension is associated with vascular compression of the brainstem, particularly of the rostral ventrolateral medulla oblongata. Nevertheless, two cases of Chiari malformation and ...

INTRODUCTION Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is characterised by recurrent episodes of sudden, intense, usually unilateral, lancinating pain confined to the distribution of one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve. It is most commonly associated with compression of the trigeminal nerve root by an artery or vein, which is thought to lead to irritability of the nerve root due to demyelination and r...

REFERENCES 1. Teo C, Nakaji P, Serisier D, et al. Resolution of trigeminal neuralgia following third ventriculostomy for hydrocephalus associated with Chiari I malformation: case report. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 2005;48:302e5. 2. Caranci G, Mercurio A, Altieri M, et al. Trigeminal neuralgia as the sole manifestation of an Arnold-Chiari type I malformation: case report. Headache 2008;48:625e7. 3...