OBJECTIVE To evaluate the outcome of an intraprostatic injection of botulinum toxin-A (BTX-A) in men with refractory chronic prostatitis-associated chronic pelvic-pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) and to compare the efficacy of the transurethral and transrectal routes. PATIENTS AND METHODS In an uncontrolled randomised clinical trial conducted in men with refractory CP/CPPS, the patients were classifie...

Neurogenic bladder (NGB) secondary to spinal cord injury (SCI) is accompanied with several complications such as urinary tract deterioration, urinary incontinence, and consequently lower quality of life (QoL), significant morbidities, and occasionally death. Current therapeutic methods have some side effects and there is no treatment for the upper urinary tract injuries. Stem cell therapy is a ...

The objective of this study was to compare immune responses induced in BALB/c mice following immunization with pcDNA-GPV-VP2 DNA by gene gun bombardment (6 μg) or by intramuscular (im) injection (100 μg) with the responses to live attenuated vaccine by im injection (100 μl). pcDNA3.1 (+) and physiological saline were used as controls. Peripheral blood samples were collected at 3, 7, 14, 21, 28,...

BACKGROUND A widely applied technique to reduce subcutaneous fat pad size involves subcutaneous injection of a phosphatidylcholine preparation ('injection lipolysis'). As the mode of action is mostly unknown, we planned to study cellular effects of the particular drug used in Germany (Lipostabil(R)). METHODS Human preadipocytes, adipocytes, vascular and skeletal muscle cells as well as renal ...

The use of intra-amniotic hypertonic saline for termination of pregnancy in second trimester has become fairly established. Whereas, the literature deal with the method of infusion through the abdominal route, very few are on the approach through vaginal route. Fuchs (1967) preferred vaginal instead of abdominal route between thirteenth to twentieth weeks of pregnancy. He has described the tech...

In this paper, we investigate the diversity properties of routes acquired through traditional route query floods. The on-demand nature of query-based (reactive) routing is appropriate for networks with dynamic network topologies (such as ad-hoc networks). An intrinsic feature of route query protocols is the support for multiple route replies. While it is widely assumed that the set of discovere...

Micro powder injection moulding-μPIM is a powder injection moulding-PIM variant for microparts/devices. This study is about the optimization and respective production of nanocomposites feedstocks suitable to μPIM process. The optimization of MWCNT content in metal matrix composites-MMC feedstock were performed using torque rheometry until achieve homogeneous feedstocks with suitable flowability...

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a progressive disease caused by the destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in insulin dependency and hyperglycemia. While transplanted bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMMSCs) have been explored as an alternative therapeutic approach for diseases, the choice of delivery route may be a critical factor determining their sustainability. This stu...