The Aplysia multifunctional feeding central pattern generator (CPG) produces at least two types of motor programs, ingestion and egestion, that involve two sets of radula movements, protraction-retraction and opening-closing movements. In ingestion, the radula closes during retraction to pull food in, whereas in egestion, the radula closes during protraction to push inedible objects out. Thus, ...

Cobinamide (Cbi) salvaging is impaired, but not abolished, in a Salmonella enterica strain lacking a functional cobU gene. CobU is a bifunctional enzyme (NTP:adenosylcobinamide [NTP:AdoCbi] kinase, GTP:adenosylcobinamide-phosphate [GTP:AdoCbi-P] guanylyltransferase) whose AdoCbi kinase activity is necessary for Cbi salvaging in this bacterium. Inactivation of the ycfN gene in a DeltacobU strain...

The Cosmic Background Imager (CBI) is an instrument designed to measure intrinsic anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) on angular scales from about 3 arc minutes to one degree (spherical harmonics of I ~ 4250 to i ~ 400). The CBI is a 13 element interferometer mounted on a 6 meter platform operating in ten 1-GHz frequency bands from 26 to 36 GHz. We present a review of the capa...

Many data dissemination techniques have been proposed for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to facilitate data dissemination and query processing. However, these techniques may not work well in a large scale sensor network where a huge amount of sensing data is generated. In this paper, we propose an integrated distributed connected dominating set based indexing (CBI) data dissemination scheme to...

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of CBI-reforms on inflation in different parts of the world from a theoretical and empirical perspective. Compared to previous studies, this study focuses on whether CBI-reforms have different effects on reducing inflation in different parts of the world. The study is based on a 132 country data-set from 1980 to 2005 compiled by Daunfeldt et al...

this study was an attempt to investigate the comparative impact of two types of teaching approaches, namely content-based (cbi) and task-based (tblt) instruction on the reading comprehension of iranian efl learners. for this purpose, sixty intermediate students from a pool of eighty five students studying at a private language school were chosen using a piloted pet. the students were then rando...

Constraint-Based Inference (CBI) is a unified framework that subsumes many practical problems in different research communities. These problems include probabilistic inference, decision-making under uncertainty, constraint satisfaction, propositional satisfiability, decoding problems, and possibility inference. Recently, researchers have presented various unified representation and algorithmic ...

This study was designated to examine the effectiveness of Computer-based intervention (CBI) on high school students’ reading performance and self-efficacy. Fifty high school students from 2 resource rooms were recruited. The students in the experimental group (CBI group) received training on the Kurzweil 3000 by the classroom teacher and the researcher and use the Kurzweil to do homework/course...

Background: The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) is a public domain questionnaire measuring the degree of psychological fatigue experienced in three subdimensions of Burnout: personal (PB), work-related (WB), and client-related Burnout (CB). The study aimed to examine the acceptability, reliability and construct validity of the Spanish version of CBI. Method: The study population consisted of...

Nitric oxide (NO) donors have been shown to improve wound healing, but the mechanism is not well defined. Here we show that the novel NO donor nitrosyl-cobinamide (NO-Cbi) improved in vitro wound healing in several cell types, including an established line of lung epithelial cells and primary human lung fibroblasts. On a molar basis, NO-Cbi was more effective than two other NO donors, with the ...