We consider the continental island model for a finite haploid population with total number of $${\textit{n}}$$ demes consisting one continent and $$n-1$$ islands. assume viability differences in captured by linear game within each deme as result pairwise interactions. Assuming weak selection, conservative migration limit case structured coalescent assumptions, we derive first-order approximatio...

We propo~;e the l.]drd type of translation ..rapport system in this lm.per, which ena.l)le>~ users to mI.ioy simulta.neously both la.rge m;ut-hour reductioi, p r o vided ])y the conventiona,l autom~tic ln;u:hine tr~tn.ql~tion syS~el l l ) ~bl,(l COliti!lltlil(*.llt w i t h t h e f l u t e , i o n s I)rought by tit(', dictiolia.ry refl~rence and gra.nim;rt.ical consulta.tion. Our new system poss...

To describe the exceptional mating system of the penduline tit, Remiz pendulinus, we aim to combine field observation records with DNA analysis based on polymorphic microsatellite DNA markers. Here we describe features of nine loci and their corresponding polymerase chain reaction primers. The observed number of alleles varied from four to seven and the observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.419...

The cyclic voltammetry of tetramethyltetraselenafulvalene (TMTSF) in CH2CI2 is described. Controlled potential coulometry yielded a suspension of (TMTSF)zCIO4 crystals. The incorporation of TMTSF onto a Pt electrode coated with the perfluorinated ion exchange polymer Nation and the electrochemical behavior of the electrode in aqueous NaCIO4 is described and compared to the related compound tetr...

Polyethylene wear increasingly has been blamed for osteolysis and granuloma formation after total joint arthroplasty. The authors evaluated the wear difference between bearing surfaces of stainless steel, cobalt chrome, and titanium alloy. They also compared cemented all-polyethylene molded cups with cemented metal-backed molded acetabular cups. These were compared with molded and machined poly...

We examined radiographic polyethylene wear in 233 cemented total hip arthroplasties (201 patients) with either a metal-backed or a non-metal-backed acetabular cup. All patients had identical cemented one-piece titanium femoral stems with a femoral head diameter of 28 mm. The mean linear wear rate was 0.11 mm/yr in metal-backed sockets and 0.08 mm/yr in non-metal-backed sockets (p = 0.0002). The...