We have analyzed the performance of several widely used density functional theory procedures, namely B-P86, B-PW91, B-LYP, B3-P86, B3-PW91, and B3-LYP, for the E3 set of thermochemical properties. Each of these procedures employs a local density approximation (LDA) functional and a gradient correction for the correlation energy. We find that the VWN3 LDA functional in B-P86, B-PW91, B3-P86, and...

Nervous system function requires tight control over the number of synapses individual neurons receive, but the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate synapse number remain obscure. Here we present evidence that a trans-synaptic interaction between EphB2 in the presynaptic compartment and ephrin-B3 in the postsynaptic compartment regulates synapse density and the formation of...

Axons travel frequently in bundles to reach their target. After arriving at the target, axon terminals defasciculate, migrate to topographically defined positions, and form synapses with appropriate target neurons. Here we present evidence that the B-type receptors of the erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular (Eph) family and a ligand, ephrin-B3, influence hippocampal axon defasciculation. Th...

Page 287 Successful Treatment of Schizophrenia Requires Optimal Daily Doses of Vitamin B3 For over 50 years Dr. Abram Hoffer has been educating clinicians about the need to correctly (optimally) dose schizophrenics with vitamin B3 (niacin; niacinamide). For the past 10 years I have, likewise, educated numerous naturopathic and medical doctors about the very same thing. For some reason, both typ...

In this study, we cloned the ERF-B3 subfamily transcription factor gene BnaERF-B3-hy15 from Brassica napus L. Huyou15. This 600 bp gene encodes a 199 amino acid classic ethylene responsive factor (ERF), which shown no binding or very weak binding GCC box-binding activity by the yeast one-hybrid assay. We used gene shuffling and the yeast one-hybrid system to obtain three mutated sequences that ...

The process of cellular iron uptake involves a specific receptor for the plasma carrier transferrin and a pathway of receptor-mediated endocytosis. Transferrin receptor expression is closely related to the rate of cell proliferation, and conjugates between anti-transferrin receptor monoclonal antibodies and toxins have been shown to have potent cytotoxic activity. We have constructed an anti-tr...

The anterior portion of intrinsic buccal muscle (I3a) is innervated by two excitatory motor neurons, B3 and B38, and the newly identified inhibitory motor neuron, B47. We show that B47 is cholinergic while B3 and B38 are not. B3 and B38 have previously been shown to express the neuropeptides FMRFamide and the small cardioactive peptides (SCPs) A and B, respectively. We present evidence here tha...

A direct pathway for the fragmentation of peptide b3 fragment ions to b2 ions has, until now, not been identified. Experimental evidence for the formation of a b3 anhydride structure and isomerization to an extended macrocycle is demonstrated here by comparison of the completely different fragmentation patterns of the b3 ions generated from protonated VGEIG and its methyl ester. In particular, ...

The phas promoter is potently transcribed during embryogenesis but in vegetative tissues it is completely silenced by a rotationally positioned nucleosome. Ectopic expression in leaves of PvALF, a seed-specific transcription factor belonging to the plant-exclusive B3 domain-containing VP1/ABI3 family, leads to chromatin remodeling of the phas promoter, permitting transcriptional activation by t...

Electric field (EF) exposure can affect the elongation, migration, orientation, and division of cells. The present study tested the hypothesis that EF may also affect epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lens epithelial cells and that this effect may be an important inducer in the pathological process of posterior capsule opacification (PCO). Human lens epithelial (HLE)‑B3 cells were expo...