Sectioning a whole tissue microarrray (TMA block) and storing the sections maximizes the number of sections obtained, but may impair the antigenicity of the stored sections. We have investigated the impact of TMA section storage on antigenicity. First, we reexamined existing TMA data to determine whether antigenicity in stored sections changes over time. Component scores for each marker, based ...

Sixteen type 1 poliovirus strains were isolated from a sewage disposal plant located downstream of the Oyabe River in Japan between October 1993 and September 1995. The isolates were intratypically differentiated as vaccine-derived strains. Neutralizing antigenicity analysis with monoclonal antibodies and estimation of neurovirulence by mutant analysis by PCR and restriction enzyme cleavage (MA...

The ability of hyperantigenic preparations of synthetically produced Escherichia coli heat-stable toxin (ST) to provide an immunogenically more potent vaccine when cross-linked by the glutaraldehyde reaction to the heat-labile toxin B subunit was assessed. Three synthetic ST preparations were evaluated: ST(S) had the same antigenicity and toxicity (secretory potency in the suckling mouse assay)...

Influenza A virus (IAV) remains an important human pathogen largely because of antigenic drift, the rapid emergence of antibody escape mutants that precludes durable vaccination. The most potent neutralizing antibodies interact with cognate epitopes in the globular "head" domain of hemagglutinin (HA), a homotrimeric glycoprotein. The H1 HA possesses five distinct regions defined by a large numb...

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, in combination with an independent inhibition step, was established to quantitate two components of the proteoglycan aggregate, namely link protein and hyaluronate-binding region, at concentrations below 100 ng/ml. The presence of other components of the aggregate in the samples to be tested influenced quantitation in a specific manner. The apparent antigen...

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arthropod-borne Alphavirus is responsible for chikungunya disease. Arthralgia and arthritis are the major symptom. Some patients recover early while others a very long time. This study provides, epidemiology molecular characterization of three whole-genome sequences CHIKV assessed phylogenetic analysis, physiological properties, antigenicity, B-cell epitope predict...

The ability of residual antigens on decellularized tissue to elicit the immune response upon implantation motivates development of a more rigorous antigen removal (AR) process for xenogeneic scaffold generation. Antigen removal strategies promoting solubilization of hydrophilic proteins (predominantly cytoplasmic) enhance the reduction of hydrophilic antigenicity in bovine pericardium (BP); how...

There is accumulating evidence that virus-like particles (VLPs) recombinantly produced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) are characterized by low structural stability, and that this is associated with reduced antigenicity and immunogenicity. However, little attention has been devoted to methods of improving the quality of the VLPs. Here, we investigated the effect of carbon source con...