Videogame play requires the negotiation of multiple synchronic points-of-view enabled through the use of cameras, avatars, interfaces, and vignettes (the cut-scenes, dialogue, and other attributes normally attributed to the “story”). Concurrent mastery of these points-of-view contributes to the game field of play and enables a greater possibility to complete the game’s goals. Using Prince of Pe...

This article pursues the idea of inferring aspects of phonological underlying forms directly from surface contrasts by looking at optimality theoretic linguistic systems (Prince & Smolensky, 1993/2004). The main result proves that linguistic systems satisfying certain conditions have the faithful contrastive feature property: Whenever 2 distinct morphemes contrast on the surface in a particular...

This paper aims to explore the roots of nativist discourse among Iranian intellectuals in 20th century prior Islamic Revolution, a based on Eastern authenticity and felt need for return Islamic, Persian, or Asian traditions. general tendency took various forms anti- even pro-regime intellectuals, including severe anti-modernist evaluations Al-e-Ahmad, Hossein Nasr, Ahmad Fardid, Ehsan Naraqi. m...

BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of central nervous system (CNS) and is the most common cause of neurologic disability in young adults (20-40 years old). About 2.5 million patients all over the world are suffering from MS. Common symptoms of the disease include sensory disorders, optic neuritis, and limb weakness. Following disease progression, other symptoms...

The role of information structure in determining the placement of pitch accent in English is often reduced to notions of Focus (e.g. Chomsky, 1971; Vallduvı́, 1990; Rooth, 1992; Roberts, 1996) and Givenness (e.g. Chafe, 1974; Schwarzschild, 1999; Féry & Samek-Lodovici, 2006; Selkirk, 2007). In question-answer pairs like the following,1 the default sentential stress pattern of English, where the ...

Non-structure preserving phonological processes are defined by the emergence of a segment which is assumed to be absent from the lexical inventory of the language in question and, hence not contrastive. A central tenet of Optimality Theory (OT; Prince & Smolensky 1993/2004, McCarthy & Prince 1993, 1995, 1999), the Richness of the Base Hypothesis (RotB; Prince & Smolensky 1993) states that lingu...

Epilepsy and seizures have been described and treatment has been attempted for at least 4000 years. There are early accounts describing treatment of seizures in ancient Persia, India, and China. Treatments have ranged from drinking a gladiator’s blood in first century Rome to the modern era of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Potassium bromide was first introduced as treatment for epilepsy in 1857. ...