The ability of vaccinia virus to replicate in BSC-40 monkey cells whose nuclei have been functionally inactivated was examined. Exposure of cell monolayers to ultraviolet radiation at doses that did not alter the cells' capacity to support a subsequent infection by a cytoplasmic virus (vesicular stomatitis virus) caused a reduction to less than 10% in the observed yield of infectious progeny fr...

Auxin-induced ethylene formation in etiolated pea (Pisum sativum L. var. Alaska) stem segments was inhibited by inhibitors of RNA and protein synthesis. Kinetics of the inhibitions is described for actinomycin D, cordycepin, alpha-amanitin, and cycloheximide. alpha-Amanitin was the most potent and fast-acting inhibitor, when added before induction or 6 hours after induction of the ethylene-form...

Amanita exitialis is a lethal mushroom that was first discovered in Guangdong Province, China. The high content of amanitin in its basidiocarps makes it lethal to humans. To comprehensively characterize the A. exitialis transcriptome and analyze the Amanita toxins as well as their related gene family, transcriptome sequencing of A. exitialis was performed using Illumina HiSeq 2000 technology. A...

Promoter-proximal pausing during transcriptional elongation is an important way of regulating many diverse loci, including the human hsp70 gene. Pausing of RNA polymerase can be enhanced by chromatin structure. We demonstrate that activation of hsp70 leads to disruption of transcribed chromatin in front of RNA polymerase. In vivo, disruption of chromatin in the first 400 bp of the transcribed r...

The effects of cr-amanitin on light induction of the two mRNAs of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) in greening pea leaves were examined. Induction of the nuclear-coded small-subunit mRNA but not of the chloroplast-coded large-subunit mRNA was significantly reduced by a-amanitin, indicating that the steady-state level of the large-subunit mRNA is not directly affected by tha...

1. During the first 48 hours following estrogenization a total increase in liver weight, DNA, RNA, and liver protein is observed. 2. Inhibition of DNA synthesis with 300 mg of hydroxyurea/l00 g body weight (injected every 12 hours) does not impair the primary or secondary stimulation of phosvitin synthesis. 3. The early kinetics of the primary and secondary stimulation of phosvitin synthesis by...

The addition of alpha-amanitin to extrafollicular, cumulus-enclosed ovine oocytes at explantation inhibits meiotic maturation and prevents many of the changes in protein synthesis that normally accompany maturation. By contrast, these inhibitory effects are considerably reduced by either delaying the addition of the drug for 1-4 h or by denuding the oocytes of all associated cumulus cells at th...

The activation of the mouse embryo genome has been studied during early cleavage, in vivo. Individual embryos, prepared as whole mounts, were assayed for endogenous RNA polymerase activity. RNA synthesis was detected by autoradiography as the incorporation of [3H]UMP into an acid-insoluble product. No RNA polymerase activity could be detected in the pronuclei of one-cell embryos. Radioactive in...