Rumour is an old social phenomenon used in politics and other public spaces. It has been studied for only hundred years by sociologists and psychologists by qualitative means. Social media platforms open new opportunities to improve quantitative analyses. We scanned all scientific literature to find relevant features. We made a quantitative screening of some specific rumours (in French and in E...

This paper uses the case of military service to test the premise of the social contact theory-that minoritymajority social contact will lead to higher levels of racial tolerance and integration (Allport 1954, Robinson and Preston 1976; Sigelman and Welch 2001). As the only large-scale institution in which African Americans are over-represented and in which blacks and whites come into frequent a...

In personality theory a ubiquitous and fundamental distinction may be drawn between the interpretation of behavior in terms of (a) the content of "needs" and of cognitive structures generally and in terms of (b) characteristic styles of response and action. The separation of these two components of personality organization has taken a variety of forms in the hands of different theorists, as in ...

Psychobiography was invented by Sigmund Freud while investigating the psychological determinants of Leonardo da Vinci’s artistic creativity. Following the founder of psychoanalysis there were about 300 psychobiographic analyses published until 1960. From the 1930’s psychoanalysis also influenced the unfolding personality psychology trend called personology in the USA, led by G. W. Allport and H...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of predicting psychological well-being based on spirituality and religiousness. METHODS A sample of 300 participants was selected from the whole entrants to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences and Shiraz University using a random cluster sampling. The tools of this study were the Spiritual Scale of Ironson, the Internal and ...

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to present, in an integrated manner, the knowledge acquired about pluralistic ignorance in the fields of social psychology, sociology and business. Particularly, to identify the factors that work as antecedents of pluralistic ignorance, as well as its consequences, in various research contexts. Design/methodology: This integrative study on pluralistic ignorance...

3 INTELLECTUALS AND THE SPANISH CIVIL WAR On July, 18th, 1936, a faction of the Spanish Army rebelled against the government of the Republic. A Civil War began, which lasted until April 1st, 1939. The conflict quickly gained international dimensions. In intellectual environments, the Spanish RepublicÕs support for the anti-fascist fight was majority. In the United States of America some groups ...

Despite venerable stereotypes and even some recent empirical observations regarding the personality of artists, the following questions remain unanswered in any objective way: (1) Do personality factors differentiate art students from other students of the same age and sex? (2) Is there a relationship between the personality of art students and the values they hold? (3) Are there differences in...