electronic and magnetic structures in the LiMn2O4 spinel David Santos-Carballal, 2, ∗ Phuti E. Ngoepe, and Nora H. de Leeuw 3, † School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom Materials Modelling Centre, School of Physical and Mineral Sciences, University of Limpopo, Private Bag x 1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa Department of Earth Science...

Recently, prices of strategic minerals and rare earth elements have been rising dramatically due to global supply shortages and increasing demands. These metals are integral components of advanced technologies, such as, cell-phones, wind turbines, permanent magnets, and semi-conductors. The relative scarcity of these valuable elements has prompted many companies to search for new mineral source...

S-band metals such as alkali and alkaline earth metals do not undergo a superconducting transition (SCT) at ambient pressure, but their high-pressure phases do. By contrast, room-temperature stable electride [Ca(24)Al(28)O(64)](4+)⋅4e(-) (C12A7:e(-)) in which anionic electrons in the crystallographic sub-nanometer-size cages have high s-character exhibits SCT at 0.2-0.4 K at ambient pressure. I...

Formation of carbonate minerals by CO2 sequestration is a potential means to reduce atmospheric CO2 emissions. Vast amount of alkaline and alkali earth metals exist in silicate minerals that may be carbonated. Laboratory experiments carried out to study the dissolution rate in Pahang Sandstone, Malaysia, by CO2 injection at different flow rate in surficial condition. X-ray Powder Diffraction (X...

The increased development of green low-carbon energy technologies that require platinum group metals (PGMs) and rare earth elements (REEs), together with the geopolitical challenges to sourcing these metals, has spawned major governmental and industrial efforts to rectify current supply insecurities. As a result of the increasing critical importance of PGMs and REEs, environmentally sustainable...

a Florida International University, Department of Earth Sciences and Southeast Environmental Research Center, Miami, FL 33199, United States b Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Division of Marine Geology and Geophysics, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33149, United States c Florida International University, Department of Earth Sciences, Miami, FL 3...

Primary production in the Antarctic cryptoendolithic microbiota can be determined from biomass and photosynthetic 14CO2 incorporation measurements. Even though good nanoclimate data are available, it is difficult to determine the amount of time when abiotic conditions permit metabolism. Making appropriate assumptions concerning the metabolism of the cryptoendolithic microbiota during periods ...

We introduce several new resilience metrics for quantifying the resilience of critical material supply chains to disruptions and validate these metrics using the 2010 rare earth element (REE) crisis as a case study. Our method is a novel application of Event Sequence Analysis, supplemented with interviews of actors across the entire supply chain. We discuss resilience mechanisms in quantitative...

H. J. van Heck, J. H. Davies, T. Elliott, and D. Porcelli School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Wales, UK Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 2, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen’s Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK Department of ...