Delirium (acute confusional state) is a common condition in older people, affecting up to 30% of all older patients admitted to hospital. Patients who develop delirium have high mortality, institutionalisation and complication rates, and have longer lengths of stay than non-delirious patients. Delirium is often not recognised by clinicians, and is often poorly managed. Delirium may be prevented...

Acute confusional migraine (ACM) is a dramatic, rare manifestation of migraine described mostly for children and adolescents. There are few data on the treatment of an ACM attack. Prochlorperazine has been suggested as an effective drug. The authors of some reports have suggested that valproic acid may play a role in the prevention of ACM and as treatment for acute migraine headache in the adul...

A 70yearold woman presented to an acute inpatient rehabilitation facility on postoperative day three, after undergoing left total knee arthroplasty. Her past medical history included severe osteoarthritis, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus type 2 and was negative for any psychiatric illness. The patient took metformin, celecoxib, and oxycodone/acetaminophen prior to undergoing surgical interv...

Introduction The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a profound worldwide impact on health. Acute Confusional Syndrome (ACS) is the most common neuropsychiatric complication in COVID-19 infection. Objectives Describe characteristics of admited patients attended by liaison psychiatry service for acute confusional syndrome during COVID 19 pandemic. Sociodemographical and clinical...

altered mental status secondary to their acute disease processes or as a consequence of the therapies used to treat disease. These mental status changes range from coma to hyperactive delirium. A comatose patient is unresponsive to physical or verbal stimuli, whereas delirium is an acute and fluctuating disorder of consciousness characterized by inattention, disorganized thinking, and perceptua...

In this case we present a previously healthy child with sudden behavioral change and acute confusional state (ACS). ACS is a neurologic emergency. The clinical manifestations of ACS are; confused affect, limited verbal response, disturbance in performing orders, some automatism, stable vital signs and absence of tonic-clonic movements and it has a wide range of differential diagnosis which shou...

Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NP-SLE) is one of the major cause of morbidity in systemic lupus erythematosus patients and its treatment depends on identification of pathogenic mechanisms. We describe the rare case of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NP-SLE) complicated by pericardial effusion combined to low C4 level persisting and hyperprolactinaemia. A cyclophos...