Heritable trait variation is a central and necessary ingredient of evolution. Trait variation also directly affects ecological processes, generating a clear link between evolutionary and ecological dynamics. Despite the changes in variation that occur through selection, drift, mutation, and recombination, current eco-evolutionary models usually fail to track how variation changes through time. ...

fatalities in the 1970s and 80s were due to fishing equipment. It is not that these threats went unrecognised. Aside from a brief spell during Mao’s Great Leap Forward — when Nature was declared an ‘enemy of the people’ and the Baiji was actively prosecuted — the urgent need for its conservation was gradually realised inside and outside of China. But, while some attempts were made to establish ...

Diarrheal disease remains one of the top 2 causes of young child mortality in the developing world. Whereas improvements in water/sanitation infrastructure and hygiene can diminish transmission of enteric pathogens, vaccines can also hasten the decline of diarrheal disease morbidity and mortality. From 1980 through approximately 2004, various case/control and small cohort studies were undertake...

This paper analyzes the Diebold Election Systems, Inc. election management software (GEMS) using publicly accessible postings of GEMS election databases. It finds that the GEMS architecture fails to conform to fundamental database design principles and software industry standards for ensuring accurate data. Thus, in election tabulations, aspects of the GEMS design can lead to, or fail to protec...

A one-step method which involves exfoliating graphite materials (GIMs) off into graphene materials (GEMs) in aqueous suspension of CL-20 and forming CL-20/graphene materials (CL-20/GEMs) composites by using ball milling is presented. The conversion of mixtures to composite form was monitored by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). The impact sensitivities of CL...

Biocontainment comprises any strategy applied to ensure that harmful organisms are confined to controlled laboratory conditions and not allowed to escape into the environment. Genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs), regardless of the nature of the modification and how it was established, have potential human or ecological impact if accidentally leaked or voluntarily released into a natura...

So far, we were focusing on “static” analysis of games. That is, we considered scenarios in which the game and utilities of all the players are fixed and known and our task is only to predict possible outcomes of that game when some (or all) the players are acting rationally. Today, we turn the tables: there is no predefined game, only players that have some utilities. However, the key point is...

The LCTPC collaboration is developing a time projection chamber (TPC) for a future linear collider. In the ILD concept for an ILC detector a TPC is foreseen as main tracking device. In order to get measurable signals on the anode, the primary electrons, produced by charged particles traversing the TPC, have to be multiplied. For this purpose gas electron multipliers (GEMs) can be used. Studies ...

Complex disorders including obesity, diabetes, fatty liver diseases, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer are results from a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The prevalence of such disorders has increased dramatically in the last two decades and there is an urgent need for the development of new prognostic tools for the treatment of such diseases. However, this ...

We prove that stable f -localizations (where f is any map of spectra) preserve ring spectrum structures and module spectrum structures, under suitable hypotheses, and we use this fact to describe all possible localizations of the integral Eilenberg–MacLane spectrum HZ. As a consequence of this study, we infer that localizations of stable GEMs are stable GEMs, and it also follows that there is a...