We report the cases of a father and his son with spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7), a disorder rarely reported in Japan. The father had noticed dysarthria at age 38, and gait instability at age 46. Visual disturbance was noted 3 years later. Neurological examination at age 54 revealed visual disturbance, dysarthria, and cerebellar ataxia in all four extremities and the trunk. Cranial MRI sho...

The present research aims to more fully explore the issues of performance differences in higher education assessment, particularly in the context of a common measure taken to address them. The rationale for the study is that, while performance differences in written examinations are relatively well researched, few studies have examined the efficacy of anonymous marking in reducing these perform...

We describe our comprehensive examination of 5 year old school entrants. The examination includes a parental interview, measurements of growth and visual acuity, and an audiometric sweep test all carried out by the school nurse and a paediatric examination and neurodevelopmental assessment carried out by the school doctor. The continuing need for such an examination, at least in urban areas, is...

Objective. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of operating microscope compared with unaided visual examination, conventional and digital intraoral radiography for proximal caries detection. Materialsand Methods. The study was based on 48 extracted human posterior permanent teeth. The teeth were examined with unaided visual examination, operating microscope, conventional bi...

purpose: to report treatment with intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (ivta) in a patient with cystoid macular edema (cme) secondary to retinitis pigmentosa (rp). case report: a 22-year-old male patient with rp presented with progressive visual loss. visual acuity was 9/10 in the right eye and 10/10 in the left eye without refractive error. examination revealed cme in the right eye. after fail...

PURPOSE To determine the incidence and causes of vision loss to assist in the objective determination of the preferred frequency of routine screening for those with normal vision. METHODS A prospective, population-based study of people aged 40 or more years. Standardized examination protocols were used that included presenting and best corrected visual acuity, visual field testing, and compre...

A forty-two year old lady presented with gradual, painless, progressive blurring of vision of her left eye for four months. There were no other associated ocular or systemic complaints. Examination showed decreased visual acuity in both eyes and a pale optic disc on the left side. Visual field examination revealed a temporal field defect of the right eye which aroused the suspicion of an intrac...

background and purpose: after lung cancer, breast cancer, among the prevalent cancers of the world is of the most widespread disease among women. it is the most common cause of mortality among women. this study aimed to analyze the results using breast cancer screening methods among women over 20 years old. materials and methods: the present study is a cross-sectional-descriptive research. the ...

purpose: to report a case of hypotonous maculopathy after blunt trauma and its treatment. patient and findings: a 34-year-old woman presented with decreased visual acuity in her left eye following blunt trauma. right eye examination was unremarkable, but visual acuity of left eye was counting fingers. slit lamp biomicroscopy of the left eye was within normal limits, but on funduscopy, papilloma...