Shigella is a major cause of dysentery across the world. Appropriate antibiotic treatment of shigellosis depends on resistance patterns. The present study was conducted to identify Shigella species and their antibiotic resistance patterns among dysenteric patients in Rezaei Hospital of Damghan. Isolation of Shigella species was conducted by specific culture medium and biochemical tests. The Shi...

OBJECTIVES In France, the public reporting of antibiotic policies in hospitals has been mandatory since 2007. Consequently, all hospitals provide to the Ministry of Health an annual follow-up of antibiotic policy. This study aimed at identifying antibiotic policy measures related to a lower antibiotic consumption. METHODS Data on antibiotic policy were extracted from the 2007 infection contro...

Antibiotic lethality is a complex physiological process, sensitive to external cues. Recent advances using systems approaches have revealed how events downstream of primary target inhibition actively participate in antibiotic death processes. In particular, altered metabolism, translational stress and DNA damage each contribute to antibiotic-induced cell death. Moreover, environmental factors s...

BACKGROUND Antibiotic surveillance is mandatory to optimise antibiotic therapy. Our objectives were to evaluate antibiotic use in our pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and to implement a simple achievable intervention aimed at improving antibiotic therapy. METHOD Prospective, 3 months surveillance of antibiotic use on PICU (phase I) and evaluation according to the CDC 12-step campaign with...

Introduction: Acinetobacter baumannii is a major cause of nosocomial infections which affect mainly disabled patients in intensive care units. The bacteria may acquire resistance to antibiotics and hence can seriously endanger antibiotic therapy. The most important problem facing treatment of A. baumannii is increasing reports of resistance to a wide range of antibiotics, including carbapenems,...

Procalcitonin levels rise in response to systemic inflammation, especially of bacterial origin. Multiple randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that procalcitonin-based algorithms can safely reduce antibiotic use in 2 clinical scenarios. First, in stable, low-risk patients with respiratory infections, procalcitonin levels of <0.25 µg/L can guide the decision to withhold antibiotics or s...

Background Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is a respiratory disorder caused by delay in the evacuation of the lung fluids. Prophylactic antibiotic therapy is recommended for the risk of sepsis. We aimed to evaluate the effect of the prophylactic antibiotic in infants with TTN. Materials and Methods This randomized clinical trial study was conducted on all infants, admitted to TTN at F...

Performing 2-stage procedures using articulating antibiotic cement spacers to eradicate infection while providing pain relief and maintaining function has become common among many surgeons. Despite the efficacy of antibiotic cement spacers in the treatment of infected total knee arthroplasty, questions remain regarding the dosing of the antibiotic cement. The authors assessed their experience w...