Inhalant abuse is a serious problem worldwide, particularly in disadvantaged populations and among adolescents. However, very few studies are available on objective measurements of inhalant abuse among adolescents. A pilot study was conducted on twenty-three adolescent inhalant users with recent use within one month on self-report, with the aim of biochemical validation of inhalant use by objec...

In most laboratory mammals benzoic acid is converted into hippuric acid and benzoyl glucuronide (see Williams, 1959), except for the cat, which seems to produce only hippuric acid (Robinson & Williams, 1958, and unpublished data). Jaffe (1877) showed that benzoic acid was converted in hens into ornithuric acid, and benzoyl glucuronide has also been found to be a metabolite of benzoic acid in he...

1. METHOD FOR THE determination of hippuric acid based on the formatioll of a bromine derivative was deScrii)ed by Deniges (1). This bromine derivative has been determined in our laboratory to be Nbromobenzamide. N-bromobenzamide is the hydrolysis and bromination product of hippuric acid, being produced when hippuric acid is subjected to the Hofniann rearrangement, tile first step of which is a...

exposure to toluene can be associate with genotoxicity, neurological dysfunction, reproductive toxicity, and etc. biomonitoring of hippuric acid (ha) is used for a long time as an occupational exposure index to toluene. the aim of this study was to explore efficiency of ha as a biomarker of exposure to low level of toluene for iranian petroleum depot workers in 2011. personal monitoring to tolu...

The aim of this study was to understand the mechanisms that underlie the renal elimination of albumin-bound uremic toxins, particularly the highly bound furan acid 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoic acid (CMPF), that accumulate in chronic renal failure. These toxins inhibit the binding of acidic drugs and have various other untoward effects. The pharmacokinetics and tissue distributio...