25 The Gi-coupled P2Y14 receptor (P2Y14-R) is potently activated by UDP-sugars and UDP. 26 Although P2Y14-R mRNA is prominently expressed in circulating neutrophils, the signaling 27 pathways and functional responses associated with this receptor are undefined. In this study, we 28 illustrate that incubation of isolated human neutrophils with UDP-glucose resulted in 29 cytoskeleton rearrangemen...

This study characterized the kinetics, variability, and factors that affect UDP–glucuronic acid (UDP-GlcUA) uptake by human liver microsomes (HLM). Biphasic kinetics were observed for UDP-GlcUA uptake by HLM. Uptake affinities (assessed as Kd) of the highand low-affinity components differed by more than an order of magnitude (13 6 6 vs. 374 6 175 mM), but were comparable in terms of the maximal...

Mycotoxins, derived from toxigenic fungi such as Fusarium, Aspergillus, and Penicillium species have impacted the human food chain for thousands of years. Deoxynivalenol (DON), is a tetracyclic sesquiterpenoid type B trichothecene mycotoxin predominantly produced by F. culmorum graminearum during infection corn, wheat, oats, barley, rice. Glycosylation DON protective detoxification mechanism em...

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is essential for most gram-negative bacteria and plays an important role in serum resistance, pathogenesis, drug protection from harsh environments. The outer core oligosaccharide of LPS involved bacterial recognition invasion host cells. D-galactosyltransferase WaaB responsible the addition D-galactose to LPS, which Salmonella typhimurium invasion. Here we report first...

The cellular content of UDP-glucose in isolated wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) embryo increases 8-fold during the first 40 minutes of imbibition. An additional 3-fold increase in the amount of UDP-glucose was observed in the next 5 hours of germination. This communication also describes a unique, quantitative method to achieve a high sensitivity in a direct determination of UDP-glucose with Na [(...

Unnatural uridine diphosphate (UDP)-sugar donors, UDP-4-deoxy-4-fluoro-N-acetylglucosamine (4FGlcNAc) and UDP-4-deoxy-4-fluoro-N-acetylgalactosamine (4FGalNAc), were prepared using both chemical and chemoenzymatic syntheses relying on N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (GlmU). The resulting unnatural UDP-sugar donors were then tested as substrates in glycosaminoglycan synthesis...

d-Galacturonic acid (GalA) is an important component of GalA-containing polysaccharides in Ornithogalum caudatum. The incorporation of GalA into these polysaccharides from UDP-d-galacturonic acid (UDP-GalA) was reasonably known. However, the cDNAs involved in the biosynthesis of UDP-GalA were still unknown. In the present investigation, one candidate UDP-d-glucuronic acid 4-epimerase (UGlcAE) f...

The translocation of UDP-glucose and GDP-mannose from an external to a luminal compartment has been examined in rat liver vesicles derived from the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). RER vesicles with the same topographical orientation as in vivo were incubated with a mixture of [3H]UDP-glucose and UDP-[14C]glucose to demonstrate that the intact sugar nucleotide was translocated into the lumen ...