We consider federated learning in tiered communication networks. Our network model consists of a set silos, each holding vertical partition the data. Each silo contains hub and clients, with silo’s data shard partitioned horizontally across its clients. propose Tiered Decentralized Coordinate Descent (TDCD), communication-efficient decentralized training algorithm for such two-tiered The client...

We provide a framework for high-order discretizations of nonlinear scalar convection-diffusion equations that satisfy discrete maximum principle. The resulting schemes can have arbitrarily high order accuracy in time and space, be stable maximum-principle-preserving (MPP) with no step size restriction. are based on two-tiered limiting strategy, starting limiter-based method may small oscillatio...

BACKGROUND The heads of the Global Fund and the GAVI Alliance have recently promoted the idea of an international tiered pricing framework for medicines, despite objections from civil society groups who fear that this would reduce the leeway for compulsory licenses and generic competition. This paper explores the extent to which an international tiered pricing framework and the present leeway f...

Data sparseness in tagging highly inflectional languages with large tagsets and scarce training resources is a problem that cannot be addressed using only common tagging techniques. Tiered tagging is a two-stage technique that uses for tagging a smaller ”hidden” tagset and, in the second phase, recovers the original tagset using a lexicon and a set of hand-written rules. The recovering is possi...

It has been suggested that chemicals and complex mixtures capable of modulating the endocrine system may contribute to adverse health, reproduction, and developmental effects in humans and wildlife. These effects include increased incidence of hormone-dependent cancers, compromised reproductive fitness, and abnormal reproductive system development. In response to public concern, regulatory agen...

In this contribution, we consider a heterogeneous two-tiered network where a tier of cognitive self-organizing small cells is deployed over the coverage area of a preexisting orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) macro cell. Neither crossnor co-tier cooperation or communication is established, thus no joint signal processing techniques can be implemented by the macro and small b...

In this paper we describe a new baseline tagset induction algorithm, which unlike the one described in previous work is fully automatic and produces tagsets with better performance than before. The algorithm is an information lossless transformation of the MULTEXTEAST compliant lexical tags into a reduced tagset that can be mapped back on the lexicon tagset fully deterministic. From the baselin...