Interest in supercritical fluids extraction (SFE) is increasing throughout many scientific and industrial fields. The common solvent for use in SFE is carbon dioxide. However, pure carbon dioxide frequently fails to efficiently extract the essential oil from a sample matrix, and modifier fluids such as methanol should be used to enhance extraction yield. A more efficient use of SFE requires qua...

Thermodynamic consistency test of isothermal vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data of various binary systems containing Carbon dioxide (CO2)/Room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) have been investigated in wide ranges of pressures in each isotherm precisely. In this paper Generic van der Waals (GvdW) equation of state (EoS) coupled with modified van der Waals Berthelot mixing rule has ...

The mechanisms leading to thermodynamic chaos in the Baxter-Wu model is considered. We compare the Baxter-Wu model with triangular antiferromagnets and discuss the difficulties related to the modeling of thermodynamic chaos by disordered models. We also discuss how to overcome the problem of infinitely many order parameters. Then we consider the Baxter-Wu model in a complex magnetic field and s...

Spectral diagnostic features formed in the solar chromosphere are few and difficult to interpret — they are neither formed in the optically thin regime nor in local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). To probe the state of the chromosphere, both from observations and theory, it is therefore necessary with modeling. I discuss both traditional semi-empirical modeling, numerical experiments illustrat...

The purpose of this research is to investigate thermoeconomic optimization and exergy analysis of transcritical CO2 refrigeration cycle with an ejector. After modeling thermodynamic equations of elements and considering optimization parameters of emerging temperature of gas of cooler (Tgc) , emerging pressure of cooler's gas (Pgc) , and eva...

We introduce an algorithmic model of heat conduction, the thermodynamic graph. The thermodynamic graph is analogous to meshes in the finite difference method in the sense that the calculation of temperature is carried out at the vertices of the graph, and the edges indicate the direct heat exchange between the vertices. Recurrence relations of heat conduction in graph are derived without using ...

Despite decades of research on the evolution of thermal physiology, at least one fundamental issue remains unresolved: whether the maximal performance of a genotype depends on its optimal temperature. One school argues that warm-adapted genotypes will outperform cold-adapted genotypes because high temperatures inevitably accelerate chemical reactions. Yet another school holds that biochemical a...

We review the available experimental information on the thermodynamic properties of supercooled water and demonstrate the possibility of modeling these thermodynamic properties on a theoretical basis. We show that by assuming the existence of a liquid-liquid critical point in supercooled water, the theory of critical phenomena can give an accurate account of the experimental thermodynamic-prope...