We study the nonlinearity (NL) in the conversion from charge to voltage in infrared detectors (HXRG) for use in precision astronomy. We present laboratory measurements of the NL function of a H2RG detector and discuss the accuracy to which it would need to be calibrated in future spacemissions to perform cosmologicalmeasurements through theweak gravitational lensing technique. In addition, we p...

OBJECTIVE To explore the experiences and perceptions of health workers and implementers of task-shifting in rural health facilities in Upper East Region, Ghana. METHODS Data was collected through field interviews. A total of sixty eight (68) in-depth interviews were conducted with health workers' in primary health care facilities (health centres); Four in-depth interviews with key persons inv...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate evidence from published randomised controlled trials (RCTs) for the use of task-shifting strategies for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk reduction in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). DESIGN Systematic review of RCTs that utilised a task-shifting strategy in the management of CVD in LMICs. DATA SOURCES We searched the following databases for relevant RCT...

One hallmark of the normal cognitive aging process involves alterations in executive function. Executive function can be divided into at least three separable components, including set shifting, attentional updating and monitoring, and inhibition of prepotent responses. The ability to study the neural basis of cognitive aging has been enriched by the use of animal models such as the macaque mon...

Shifting and inhibition are executive cognitive functions responding selectively to stimuli, so as to switch from one activity to a more compelling one or to inhibit inappropriate urges and preserve focus on the current task. In an autonomous system these cognitive skills are crucial to assess a well-regulated reactive behavior, which is of particular relevance in critical circumstances. In thi...

The restrictive, stereotyped behavior in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is considered to be related to deficits in executive function. In particular, cognitive shifting in executive function is deeply related to stereotyped behavior in ASD. Previous investigations have clarified that the lateral prefrontal cortex is involved in cognitive shifting when flexible changes in attention were needed. ...

The Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST; Heaton, 1980) is commonly used to assess concept formation and set shifting. Cognitive research suggests that set shifting performance is enhanced by a match between a person's regulatory focus (promotion focus: attempting to earn an entry into a cash drawing; prevention focus: attempting to avoid losing an entry into the drawing) and the task reward struc...

Improving the quality of facility based neonatal care is central to Background: tackling the burden of neonatal mortality in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMIC). Quality neonatal care is highly dependent on nursing care but a major challenge facing health systems in LMICs is human resource shortage. In Kenya, task-shifting among professional care cadres is being discussed as one potential st...

INTRODUCTION Shifting HIV treatment tasks from physicians to nurses and midwives is essential to scaling-up HIV services in sub-Saharan Africa. Updating nursing and midwifery regulations to include task shifting and pre-service education reform can help facilitate reaching new HIV targets. Donor-supported initiatives to update nursing and midwifery regulations are increasing. However, there are...