In the UK, stapes surgery is performed almost universally under general anaesthesia. In 1984 there was consensus that local anaesthesia should be the technique of choice in stapes surgery. Despite reports of successful use of local anaesthesia for middle ear surgery, this is still not widely accepted practice in the UK. We describe the senior author's technique for local anaesthetic stapes sur...

The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility that an abnormality related to parathyroid hormone (PTH) action is involved in the increased bone turnover observed in otosclerosis. To do so, expression and function of the PTH-PTH-related peptide (PTHrP) receptor were studied in the involved tissue (stapes) and compared with that in control bone sample obtained from the external auditor...

OBJECTIVE Comparing the endoscopic and microscopic approaches in stapes surgery, and establishing the surgical approach that allows better results in terms of visualization of the middle ear structures and aids assistant's training. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-one residents from the first to the fifth year of training in Otolaryngology were enrolled in this prospective study. A questionnaire...

The stapes is known in several non-mammaliaform cynodonts, although it has only been cursorily studied. Here we thoroughly analyze the stapedial anatomy of several basal cynodonts in a phylogenetic framework. Our study shows that the stapedial anatomy is more variable than previously thought. The morphological variation of the stapes led to the recognition of 11 phylogenetic characters that wer...

Congenital middle ear malformations are rare. Most part of them are usually associated with other malformations, such as aural atresia, microtia, and dysmorphic craniofacial features. A clinical case of a 24-year-old male with a right-sided conductive hearing loss since his childhood, without craniofacial malformation, is presented. He was proposed for exploratory tympanotomy under the suspicio...

Stapes fractures are usually seen in association with tympanic membrane rupture as a result of direct injury or with major skull trauma. However, barotrauma such as blowing the nose is a rare cause of stapes fractures. Furthermore, fracture of the posterior crus is extremely rare. To our knowledge, the combination of a perilymph fistula and acute mastoiditis has not been previously reported.. W...