Layered elastic theory (LET) was performed by Burmister. It helped to build mechanistic – empirical (M-E) pavement design. In this study, three different approaches were used predict Cumulative Equivalent single axle load (C-ESAL) over the design period. Two based on M-E and one empirical. each of these cases, standard loads as well weight limits vehicle classification, according their configur...

The capacitated vehicle routing problem with sequence-based pallet loading and axle weight constraints is an extension of the classical Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP). It integrates loading constraints in a routing problem and is based on a real-world transportation problem. The demand of the customers consists of pallets. These pallets may be placed in two horizontal rows inside th...

Transport, in the general context of the Ethiopian economy, is divided into three distinct sub-sectors: traditional, intermediate and modern transport. The traditional transport sub-sector comprises human porterage/head-loading and equine (horses, donkeys and camels). The modem transport sub-sector, on the other hand, is made up of engine-powered automotive-based means of transportation. The in...

In this paper a new electromagnetic nondestructive system for inspection of train hollow axle is presented. The system allows to observe changes of vector AC fields in order to enhance the probability of proper classification. The performance of the system is verified using hollow axle sample with artificial notches of different depths. The experimental results are presented and discussed. Keyw...

In this study, an artificial neural network was developed in order to analyze flexible pavement structure and determine its critical responses under the influence of standard axle loading. In doing so, more than 10000 four-layered flexible pavement sections composed of asphalt concrete layer, base layer, subbase layer, and subgrade soil were analyzed under the impact of standard axle loading. P...

ABSTRACT Many studies have been focused on the development of vibration source models, which comprise both the force applied on the track top and the vibration behaviour of the fixation system. Numerous researchers model the interaction between wheel and rail as a constant load moving along the track. Other authors consider a combination of harmonic and non-harmonic moving axle loads. Whereas m...

The feasibility of using railroad flatcars (RRFCs) as the superstructure for bridges on lowvolume roads has been investigated in two previous research projects at Iowa State University. The results of these projects verified that RRFCs are efficient and economical alternatives for low-volume road bridges. Two county engineers involved with the RRFC project cited cost as the main factor for choo...