Neoplastic lesions typically express specific carbohydrate antigens on glycolipids, mucins, and other glycoproteins. Such antigens are often under epigenetic control and are subject to reversion and loss upon therapeutic selective pressure. We report here that two of the most common tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens, Tn and sialyl Tn (STn), result from somatic mutations in the gene Cosmc t...

We have produced somatic cell hybrids between mouse myeloma cells deficient in hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase IMP: pyrophosphate phosphoribosyltransferase; EC 2.4.2.8) and spleen cells derived from mice primed with either syngeneic or allogeneic cells transformed by simian virus 40. Such hybrids produced antibodies specific for simian virus 40 tumor (T) antigen. Only four of twelve inde...

T cell receptors are antigen-specific proteins that have evolved to recognize peptide antigens presented by human leukocyte antigen molecules on most cell types. Like antibodies, T cell receptors are produced with huge diversity but, unlike antibodies, T cell receptors are not secreted and do not undergo somatic mutations that increase their affinities for antigen. Recently, however, methods ha...

1. The somatic antigen of Phase II Shigella sonnei can be isolated by extracting phenol-killed microorganisms with water. This substance inactivates all T phages to which this bacillus is susceptible. 2. The Phase II antigen is constituted from a protein and a phosphorylated lipocarbohydrate. The major portion of the protein component can be removed by digestion with pancreatin. The enzymatical...

Studies of susceptibility to bacteriophage have shown that polysaccharides associated with somatic bacterial antigens may inhibit the lytic action of bacteriophages upon susceptible homologous organisms. Levine and Frisch (1933 a,b) demonstrated this inhibitory effect with extracts from certain Salmonella and Shigella cultures. Burnet (1934) confirmed these findings; and Gough and Burnet (1934)...

plant tissue culture is an alternative method of commercial propagation and is being used widely for the commercial propagation of a large number of plant species, including many medicinal plants. somatic embryogenesis is a process by which asexual or somatic cells are induced to form embryos in culture. somatic embryogenesis is a multi-step regeneration process starting with formation of pro-e...

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by the clonal expansion of CD5-expressing B lymphocytes. Most studies have found that these leukemic CD5+ B cells, like their normal counterparts, use immunoglobulin (Ig) variable (V) region genes that exhibit minimal, if any, somatic diversity. These and other observations have suggested that CD5+ B cells may be incapable of generating Ig V g...

background : immunological response of host and parasite play a key role in developing vaccina­tion and immunization. the present study deals with the immune response and effecter mechanism, which was confirmed by migration inhibition factor (mif).  methods : the present work was conducted in parasitological lab of postgraduate department of zool­ogy, government holkar science college, indore (...

Suzuki, T. (Children's Hospital, Buffalo, N.Y.), E. A. Gorzynski, and E. Neter. Separation by ethanol of common and somatic antigens of Enterobacteriaceae. J. Bacteriol. 88:1240-1243. 1964.-Ethanol in a concentration of 85% permits separation from crude culture supernatant fluids of the common enterobacterial antigen and the O antigen, the former being ethanol-soluble, the latter being ethanol-...