BACKGROUND Although the Netherlands currently has its own procedure for evaluating chemical compounds and setting occupational exposure limits (OELs), most of these limits were originally adopted in the 1970s from threshold limit values (TLVs) set by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). However, beginning in the late 1980s, criticism about non-scientific consid...

Hemoglobin A 2 (HbA 2 ) was quantitated in blood from 212 healthy Pakistani adults with an age range of 16 to 60 years. HbA 2 level was observed in the range of 1.20 to 3.80% with mean ± SD as 2.67 ± 0.66% for both sexes. The mean level for males and females was 2.67 ± 0.66% and 2.66 ± 0.69% respectively. These values showed no significant difference (P > 0.1) among both sexes. The coefficient ...

Axel Bauer, MD, A. John Camm, MD, Sergio Cerutti, PhD, Przemyslaw Guzik, MD, Heikki Huikuri, MD, Federico Lombardi, MD, Marek Malik, PhD, MD, Chung-Kang Peng, PhD, Alberto Porta, PhD, Roberto Sassi, PhD, Georg Schmidt, MD, Peter J. Schwartz, MD, Phyllis K. Stein, PhD, Yoshiharu Yamamoto, PhD From the Munich University Clinic and German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Munich, Germany, St. Ge...

The aim of the present study was to provide new spirometry reference equations in a sample of the Brazilian population for the following parameters: forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, peak of expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory flow at 50% (FEF50%), 75% average vital capacity (FEF25-75%), and average forced expiratory flow time (FEFT)....

A recommendation of considerable concern is that different cutoff limits be used ‘‘depending on the clinical purpose’’. The electromyographer must report the results objectively and distinguish clearly between the results of electrophysiologic testing and conclusions based on other factors. There should only be one cutoff value, but the ultimate interpretation should take into account clinical ...

Pulse oximetry is becoming popular for measuring oxygen saturation of haemoglobin in paediatric patients. There are no reference values for children living at high altitudes, and the aim of this study was to determine the values of oxygen saturation of haemoglobin in healthy children in Bogota (2640 m above sea level). The saturation was determined in 189 children aged 5 days to 24 months with ...

There is insufficient information about reference values for pulmonary volumes for Iranian populations. A study of lung function parameters was made on 302 non-smoking healthy Iranian students (152 male and 150 female). Lung function measures correlated strongly with height but not with body mass index. There were significant differences between some of the measured parameters and American Thor...

The German, Austrian, and Swiss nutrition societies are the editors of the 'reference values for nutrient intake'. They have revised the reference values for the intake of vitamin C and published them in February 2015. The average vitamin C requirement in healthy adults is considered to be the vitamin C amount that compensates for the metabolic losses of vitamin C, and ensures a fasting ascorba...