When do people focus more on the causes versus the consequences of events, and how does differential focus affect downstream judgments and choices? Building on construal level theory (Trope & Liberman, 2010), we propose a bidirectional relationship between psychological distance and causal focus, such that distance (vs. proximity) leads to a greater focus on causes (vs. consequences), and likew...

The psychological aftermath of disaster causes significant long-term psychiatric disability and suffering to victims and rescuers alike. This paper examines the effectiveness of psychological debriefing (PD), an early intervention that is widely used and claimed to reduce long-term psychiatric morbidity in the wake of disaster. Numerous factors hamper the design of methodologically sound resear...

Nuclear weapons, population explosion, resource and food-supply depletion, and environmental deterioration have been posing increasing threats to human survival. Moreover, for the first time in history, all these major global threats are human caused and can, therefore, be traced in large part to psychological origins. After a brief overview of the nature and extent of current threats, this pap...

Lung transplantation presents a wide range of challenges for multidisciplinary teams that manage the care of the recipients. Transplant teams should perform a thorough evaluation of transplant candidates, in order to ensure the best possible post-transplant outcomes. That is especially true for the psychologist, because psychological issues can arise at any point during the perioperative period...

OBJECTIVE To explore general practitioners (GPs') beliefs about the causes and solutions to obesity, to compare them to those held by a lay sample and to assess the role of beliefs about causes in explaining beliefs about solutions. METHODS Questionnaires regarding the causes and solutions to obesity were completed by GPs (n=73) and a lay sample (n=311). RESULTS GPs generally believe that o...

According to the World Health Organization, intimate partner violence (“IPV”) is “behaviour within an intimate relationship that causes physical, sexual or psychological harm, including acts of physical aggression, sexual coercion, psychological abuse and controlling behaviours” (1). IPV can frequently occur over a span of years and has been described as an emerging public health priority (2). ...

Also psychological factors should play a crucial role to arouse this dysfunction. The problems such as avoidance, fear of penetration, anxiety, relationship problems, chronic frustration, disappointment and depression, previous child sexual abuse could be experienced by patients as painful spasmodic reflex. In addition, poor sexual self-esteem, lack of interest, and general inability to find pl...

Although Shannon’s information theory is alive and well in a number of fields, after an initial fad in psychology during the 1950s and 1960s it no longer is much of a factor, beyond the word bit, in psychological theory. The author discusses what seems to him (and others) to be the root causes of an actual incompatibility between information theory and the psychological phenomena to which it ha...

The nature of computer vision causes the fact that not only computer science researchers are interested in it, but neuroscientists and psychologists, too. One of the main interests for psychology is identification of person’s psychological traits and personality types which can be accomplished by different means of psychological testing: questionnaires, interviews, direct observations, etc. Tho...

Dishonest acts are all too prevalent in day-to-day life. This article examines some possible psychological causes for dishonesty that go beyond the standard economic considerations of probability and value of external payoffs. The authors propose a general model of dishonest behavior that includes internal psychological reward mechanisms for honesty and dishonesty, and they discuss the implicat...