This seemingly inexorable rise in the cost of clinical negligence litigation poses a limitless drain upon the finite health service purse. Contrary to the principles of beneficence, in which resources are equitably distributed for the maximum benefit of the maximum number of patients, large sums of money are diverted away from the wider patient population through the restriction of clinical ser...

Abstract Luke Cooper's Authoritarian Contagion draws attention to the politics of protection proffered by contemporary ethno-nationalist authoritarian rulers. This article argues that origins this protectionist lies in neoliberal projects, which promoted conservative social hierarchies, such as those associated with gender, race and class, further capital accumulation. These projects led anti-d...

This paper focuses on the role of city interaction in influencing local economic growth using county-level data in China. According to literature on urban and regional economics, the impacts of a high-tier city on its surrounding areas depend on the interaction of growth spillover effect and agglomeration shadow effect. The empirical evidence in this paper illustrates that higher-tier cities ha...

Q methods for increasing nominal wages reduce real wages (i.e., buying power) by creating inflation, shortages, lower quality, and long-term unemployment. To increase real wages (i.e., the ability to buy more), economic principles prescribe increasing productivity (i.e., greater output from less input). In contrast, marketing principles prescribes increasing the value of output (i.e., greater c...

Using monthly data on temporary trade barriers (TTBs), we estimate the dynamic employment effects of protectionism through vertical production linkages. First, exploiting high-frequency and TTB procedural details, identify policy shocks exogenous to economic fundamentals. We then use input-output tables construct measures affecting downstream producers. Finally, panel local projections using id...