Charge sensitive infrared phototransistors (CSIP) are well known for their capability for response spectrum tuning and single photon detection. In this paper, we established a physical model for a charge sensitive infrared phototransistor operating at 45μm wavelength using the Crosslight Apsys software. Several key physical mechanisms involved such as inter-subband optical transition and resona...

Reviewed here are recent attempts to produce protein-based artificial oxygen carriers ("blood substitutes"). Most of these involve chemical or physical modifications on hemoglobin, although a recent line of research using hemerythrin instead of hemoglobin is also described. The focus is set on the extent to which these modifications alter the redox reactivity of the proteins, and on ways in whi...

Resistivity, Seebeck coefficient, and Hall measurements were performed on densified nanocrystalline composite materials of undoped and Ag-doped PbTe nanocrystals to investigate the physical mechanisms responsible for Seebeck coefficient enhancement in nanocrystalline systems. The unique temperature dependence of the resistivity and mobility for these PbTe nanocomposites suggests that grain-boun...

Risks of breast and ovarian cancer were determined for Ashkenazi Jewish women with inherited mutations in the tumor suppressor genes BRCA1 and BRCA2. We selected 1008 index cases, regardless of family history of cancer, and carried out molecular analysis across entire families. The lifetime risk of breast cancer among female mutation carriers was 82%, similar to risks in families with many case...

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have tremendous potential as nano/micron-sized drug delivery carriers. Their physical, chemical and biological characteristics distinguish them unique carriers with specific pharmacokinetic, circulating metabolic, biodistribution patterns in the of therapeutic cargoes. They are critical mediators pathology many diseases, including inflammatory fibrosis, can...

Dual Cell-High Speed Downlink Packet Access (DC-HSDPA), which was introduced in Release 8 of the WCDMA specifications, enables the User Equipment (UE) to receive downlink data on two adjacent carriers simultaneously. The doubling of physical layer rate of DCHSDPA UEs translates to user experience gain for real applications such as web browsing and video streaming in unloaded systems. In this pa...

OBJECTIVE We explore the relationship among BMI, habitual diet, and the Pro12Ala polymorphism in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma2. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The Pro12Ala variant was characterized in 343 unrelated type 2 diabetic patients who were consecutively seen at the outpatient clinic of a health district of the province of Naples. Anthropometric and laborato...

BACKGROUND Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) is an inherited X-linked disease associated with a deficiency in the enzyme iduronate 2-sulfatase due to iduronate 2-sulfatase gene (IDS) mutations. Recent studies in MPS II carriers did not find clinical involvement, but these were mainly performed by anamnesis and patients' self-reported description of signs and symptoms. So although it is rar...

aim: to enhance the aqueous solubility of olanzapine by using the solid dispersion technique. solid dispersions of olanzapine were prepared by the dispersion method using using pgs and ssg as carriers. drug:carrier ratios such as 1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:6, 1:8 and 1:10 were tried for optimization. characterization was done by phase solubility, in vitro release, saturation solubility, permeation, wetta...

We present a study of the behaviour and ionization properties of three narrow Diffuse Interstellar Bands (DIBs) at λλ5797, 6379 and 6613Å. In all three DIBs substructures have recently been detected, indicating large gaseous molecular carriers. Studying DIBs in regions with drastically different physical properties in terms of UV flux and density enables us to monitor the behaviour of the carri...