Three Monte Carlo gamma transport codes, MCNP, EGS, PHOTON, differ in the degree of difficulty in implementing them for calculation and in the requirements for the input file. Differences in the results were discovered when evaluating the same case using these three transport codes. These differences that are energy dependent are presented here. r 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. PHOTON ...

We suggest a simple fitting formula to represent Comptonized Xand γ-ray spectra from a hot (kTe ∼> 10 keV), Thomson thick (τT ∼> 5) hybrid thermal/nonthermal plasma in spherical geometry with homogeneous soft-photon injection throughout the Comptonizing region. We have used this formula to fit a large data base of Monte-Carlo generated photon spectra, and provide correlations between the physic...

ZEKE-PFI (zero kinetic energy pulsed field ionization) photoelectron spectra of the Na(H 20), Na(D20), Na(NH 3), and Na(ND3) complexes are reported. Spectra of all four complexes were obtained by single-photon ionization, and, for the Na(NH 3) and Na(ND3) complexes, by two-color (I+ I') photoionization as well, with the A E state serving as the intermediate resonance. Improved values for the io...

The thesis is devoted to theoretical investigations of electron-vibration coupling and its effects on optical and electronic properties of single molecules, especially for molecules confined between metallic electrodes. A density-matrix approach has been developed to describe the photon emission of single molecules confined in the scanning tunneling microscope (STM). With this new method electr...

Photon-photon collisions are investigated in the framework of the two-component Dual Parton Model. The model contains contributions from direct, resolved soft and resolved hard interactions. All free parameters of the model are determined in fits to hadronhadron and photon-hadron cross section data. The model is shown to agree well to hadron production data from hadron-hadron and photon-hadron ...

The two-photon-induced singlet fission was observed in rubrene single crystal and studied by use of femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy. The location of two-photon excited states was obtained from the nondegenerate two-photon absorption (TPA) spectrum. Time evolution of the two-photon-induced transient absorption spectra reveals the direct singlet fission from the two-photon excited states. The...

A pronounced high count rate of single-photon emission at the wavelength of 1.3 μm that is capable of fiber-based quantum communication from InAs/GaAs bilayer quantum dots coupled with a micropillar (diameter ~3 μm) cavity of distributed Bragg reflectors was investigated, whose photon extraction efficiency has achieved 3.3%. Cavity mode and Purcell enhancement have been observed clearly in micr...

Winfried Denk and Karel Svoboda than first power of the light intensity.) The possibility of absorbing more than one photon during a single quan-Bell Laboratories Lucent Technologies tum event had been predicted more than 60 years ago (Goeppert-Mayer, 1931), but experimental confirmation Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974 was delayed until after the invention of the laser (Kaiser and Garrett, 1961) ...

Winfried Denk and Karel Svoboda than first power of the light intensity.) The possibility of absorbing more than one photon during a single quan-Bell Laboratories Lucent Technologies tum event had been predicted more than 60 years ago (Goeppert-Mayer, 1931), but experimental confirmation Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974 was delayed until after the invention of the laser (Kaiser and Garrett, 1961) ...

The dependence of oneand two-photon characteristics of pulsed entangled two-photon fields generated in spontaneous parametric down-conversion on the pump-pulse properties (shape of the pumppulse spectrum and its internal structure) is examined. It is shown that entangled two-photon fields with defined properties can be generated. A general relation between the spectra of the down-converted fiel...