In this paper we propose a distinction among collectivists to capture a fundamental difference in mental models of “collective” that has important organizational implications but has not been specifically identified in prior conceptual and empirical research. Drawing on research in social psychology, comparative management and organization theory addressing Japanese, Chinese and East-West pheno...

There are few theoretical perspectives that address the dynamics of race-based mobility in the American workplace. The “particularistic mobility thesis” fills this gap: it maintains that even when groups work in similar jobs, discriminatorily induced dynamics associated with the relative inability of minorities to demonstrate informal characteristics—such as loyalty and sound judgment—constitut...

The main premise of this paper is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication, has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrum...

In this article the author examines public schools in the United States as sites where immigrants and refugees express their religious identities as part of their integration processes. In particular, the author examines the schools as “sites of refuge” for refugee students. Although public schools provide refugees with opportunity for study without regard to race, religion, nationality, member...

Abstract Urban renewal is central to ‘world-class’ city aspirations on the African continent: demolitions and evictions exemplify power of state restructure urban space, prioritizing elite forms accumulation enforcing aesthetic norms cleanliness, order modernity. The ubiquity world-class city-making has been taken by studies scholars as evidence leaders’ converging a unitary aspirational imagin...

When influencing the allocation of federal dollars across the country, do presidents strictly pursue maximally efficient outcomes, or do they systematically target dollars to politically influential constituencies? In a county-level analysis of federal spending from 1984 to 2008, we find that presidents are not universalistic, but particularistic – that is they reliably direct dollars to specif...

UNIVERSALISTIC POLICIES My view is that in general older persons can be expected to benefit, in terms of their self-view and the image of them held by others, the moretheir problems are handled via broad-based “universalistic” social policies aimed at coping with social problems as they affect all citizens and the society at large rather than via “particularistic” old-age-oriented policies, alt...

This qualitative case study of Block 192, Peru's largest oilfield, makes the for a local form extractivism. Local extractivism is triggered by firstly dependence on only economic activity there in area, and secondly strategic usage extractive as communities’ sole bargaining chip towards government. An analysis news items interviews with actors involved processes regarding finds thatrepeated soc...

most theories of the developmental state assume that industrial transformation requires capable and coherent development bureaucracies that are “autonomous,” in the sense of being insulated from particularistic private interests. these theories however benefit from networks connecting them to relevant private industrial actors. by all scholarly accounts, political factionalism and islamic insti...

Radical/extremist Islamist actors use social media to disseminate uncompromising stories of monist religious political orders and identities. As a reaction, counter-movements online radicalism/extremism emerged in Western societies (and beyond), while uncertainty about effective outcomes remains widespread. In bid understand how inclusionary exclusionary discursive spaces are created, we ask: H...