Methodology Active packaging material was low density polyethylene (LDPE) film incorporated with Tinuvin 326(UV absorber) and iron powder in different concentrations (0-0.5% and 0-15% w/w, respectively). Eleven treatments were performed according to the central composite design (CCD) in order to evaluate changes in mechanical, physical and barrier properties of films. Moreover, the influence of...

Small-angle neutron scattering was used to measure the effect of water-to-cement ratio (w/c) and cement batch variation on the surface area of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) paste after hydration for 28 days at room temperature, and to measure the development of surface area over the first three days of hydration at 30 ̊C. The 28 day surface area was found to increase with w/c ratio in proportio...

Phthalic acid esters may be used as plasticizers in food-packaging materials that have direct contact with food. Under normal conditions of use small amounts of the plasticizers would be expected to migrate into the food. The safe use of the phthalic acid esters under these conditions is based on available toxicity data, as well as regulations which, in general, specify the maximum extractable ...

As extended producer responsibility gains ascendancy in sustainable development, proper management of the life cycle of a product is becoming more and more important. This paper presents a general overview of product life cycle assessment (LCA) and sustainable product packaging over the last four to five years. The review of life cycle assessment includes on overview of LCAs conducted over the ...

Exposure conditions significantly affect the resistance of cement to sulfate attack. This article investigates the effect of sulfate on electrical conductivity of ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Cement paste specimens were prepared according to water/cement (W/C) ratio equal 0.25 either free of sodium sulfate or its addition with concentrations of 5000ppm, 10000ppm and 15000ppm by weight. This ...

Seventy-two Simmental-cross growing steers (219 +/- 2.4 kg initial BW) were used in a randomized complete block design to evaluate the effects of feeding a return chewing gum/packaging material mixture (G/P) on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, sensory attributes of meat, and mineral content of beef liver and muscle. Animals were allotted by weight to 12 pens (six/pen). Each pen was...

Food packaging is important and for food producers the visual aspect of packaging material is a very powerful medium, so that consumers and competitors consider a brand name as an established value. In the process, the chosen varieties of ink play a crucial role. The choice may not only be based on marketing strategy, but the potential health risks as a result of the migration issues of the ink...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence different packaging materials [standard foil: BOPP (biaxially oriented polypropylene)/PET (polyester)/PE (polyethylene) for upper layer, and APET (polyethylene terephthalate)/PE bottom layer; foil 1: PP (polypropylene)/PET/PE/EVOH (ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer)/PE PP/PE/EVOH/PE 2: PP/PET/PE/EVOH/PE PA (polyamide)/EVOH/PE 3: PP/PET/PE PA/EV...

Packaging of pharmaceuticals is a critical process. It is an economical means of providing protection, presentation, information, identiÞ cation, containment, administration, shelf-life and convenience for a product during carriage, storage, display and ultimate total use, paying due attention to any legal and environmental factors1. Plastics are a wide group of solid composite materials, which...

Hydraulic activity refers to a property most familiar when discussing hydraulic cement such as ordinary portland cement (OPC). ASTM C125-15a defines hydraulic cement as “a cement that sets and hardens by chemical reaction with water and is capable of doing so under water.” That is, hydraulic cements, including SCMs that have hydraulic properties, react with water to harden, and that hardening p...