BACKGROUND We have recently demonstrated that 17beta-estradiol (E2) inhibits the increase of inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) activity in selected model systems such as macrophages, microglia, smooth muscle cells, and proposed that this effect might be associated with an anti-inflammatory activity of this hormone. Here we investigate the effects of endogenous estrogens in rats subjected...

Estradiol, a major form of estrogen, plays crucial role in various aspects brain function, including neuronal health, synaptic plasticity, and cognitive processes. Therefore, it is interest to investigate the histopathological changes rat following estradiol treatment unilateral bilateral ovariectomized rats, commonly used method induce estrogen deficiency study consequences hormonal changes. T...

The synaptogenic hypothesis of major depressive disorder implies that preventing the onset depressive-like behavior also prevents loss hippocampal spine synapses. By applying psychoactive drugs, diazepam and fluoxetine, we investigated whether blocking development helpless by promoting stress resilience in rat learned helplessness paradigm is associated with a synaptoprotective action hippocamp...

Pharmaceutical countermeasures to treat disuse osteoporosis are rarely studied. Pharmaceutical studies for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis depend on the ovariectomized rat model, which is a suitable model for the disease in women. Disuse osteoporosis affects men and women, but there is lack of awareness and relevant pharmaceutical studies for this condition. The objectives of this ...

OBJECTIVE Osteoporosis increases the risk of bone fractures and may impair fracture healing. The aim of this study was to investigate whether alpha-tocopherol can improve the late-phase fracture healing of osteoporotic bones in ovariectomized rats. METHOD In total, 24 female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups. The first group was sham-operated, and the other two groups were ov...

Calcium supplements are widely used to prevent osteopenia and osteoporosis can be as a treatment along with other drugs. The effect of this supplement seen from the improved bone quality. focus in study was analyze quality femur based on mineral maturity degree crystallinity ovariectomized Rattus norvegicus where various nano calcium phosphate diets (1.0×; 1.5× 2.0× normal needs, respectively c...

conclusions the results of the present study show that administration of t. foenum-graecum corrects metabolic and inflammatory alterations associated with ovariectomy and has a potential for the management of menopause. objectives the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of t. foenum-graecum seed extract in reducing the metabolic and inflammatory alternations associated with menopaus...

Many gastrointestinal pain syndromes are more prevalent in women than men, suggesting a gonadal steroid influence. We characterized the effects of estrogen on two responses to colorectal distention (CRD) in the rat: the visceromotor reflex (vmr) and L6-S1 dorsal horn neuron activity (ABRUPT and SUSTAINED neurons). Ovariectomized rats were injected with estrogen, and responses to innocuous and n...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of calcitonin on cortical bone quality and collagen structure at ovariectomized rat model. Forty five Sprague-Dawley female rats were assigned randomly to control group (CON, n=15) ovariectomized group receiving saline only (OVX, n=15), and ovariectomized group receiving salmon calcitonin (i.p.) (OVX-CT, n=15). Thirty rats were anaesthetized w...