Augmentation of potable water sources with reclaimed municipal wastewater is an option of increasing importance for water security in regions and countries where severe water stress occurs. Consequently, the presence of emerging trace contaminants in reclaimed water has been recognised as a critical issue due to their potential adverse health effects. Notable examples of these trace organic che...

The microsomal metabolism of the rat esophageal carcinogen A/-nitrosomethylbenzylamine (NMBZA) at the méthylà ̈necarbon atom to yield benzaldehyde was studied in various organs of a number of species to determine the role of metabolic activation in the carcinogenicity or toxicity of the nitrosamine. In the Sprague-Dawley rat, NMBZA was metabolized by microsomes from liver, lung, and esophageal ...

N-nitroso compounds (NOC) are genotoxic, carcinogenic to animals, and may play a role in human cancer development. Because the gastro-intestinal tract is an important route of exposure through endogenous nitrosation, we hypothesize that NOC exposure targets genetic processes relevant in colon carcinogenesis. To investigate these genomic responses, we analyzed the transcriptomic effects of genot...

conclusions the current study findings indicated that echinacea purpurea extract played an important role in the protection against den toxicity in rats. results den induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in all the treated animals by elevated serum alt, ast, alp and bun, creatinin and total and direct bilirubin levels. ast, bun and total and direct bilirubin significantly decreased in den +...

Carcinogenic or cocarcinogenic effects of NO2, O3, and SO2 have not been proven to date with sufficient reliability. However, nitrosamine formation after exposure to NO2- or O3-induced decrease in benzpyrene hydroxylase are potential hazards. A final revaluation of a possible cocarcinogenic action of SO2 requires further experimental studies.

N-Nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine, a potent carcinogen for the pancreas in Syrian hamsters, undergoes a facile, base-catalyzed, intramolecular aldol condensation to yield N-nitroso-5-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-piperidone. This cyclic nitrosamine then decomposes to yield 3-hydroxy-5-methylpyridine.

Hepatocyte sensitivity to initiation of carcinogenesis was studied as a function of the cell cycle phase in which damage was incurred. Hepatocytes were stimulated to proliferate by a two-thirds partial hepatic resection, and their proliferation was synchronized further by postsurgical treatment with hydrocortisone. Groups of male F344 rats were given a single administration of methyl(acetoxymet...