Mutation testing research has indicated that a major part of its application cost is due to the large number low utility mutants it introduces. Although previous identified this issue, no study proposed any effective solution problem. Thus, remains unclear how mutate and test given piece code in best effort way, i.e., achieving good trade-off between invested effectiveness. To achieve this, we ...

Mutation testing is an effective, yet costly, approach, as it requires generating and running large numbers of faulty programs, called mutants. also suffers from a fundamental problem, which having percentage equivalent These are mutants that produce the same output original program, therefore, cannot be detected. Higher-order mutation promising approach can hard-to-detect programs subtle mutan...

Many induced mutants are available in barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.). One of the largest groups is Erectoides ert ) mutants, which characterized by a compact and upright spike shortened culm. isolated mutant, ert-k.32 , generated X-ray treatment registered 1958 under named “Pallas”, was first ever mutant to be released on market. Its value improved culm strength enhanced lodging resistance. In th...

Treatment against tuberculosis can lead to the selection of drug-resistant Mycobacterium strains. To tackle this serious threat, new targets from M. are needed develop novel effective drugs. In work, we aimed provide a possible workflow validate and inhibitors by combining genetic, in silico, enzymological approaches. CanB is one three β-carbonic anhydrases that catalyze reversible reaction CO2...

The liverwort Marchantia polymorpha contains two isoforms of the plastid terminal oxidase (PTOX), an enzyme that catalyzes reduction oxygen to water using plastoquinol as substrate. Phylogenetic analyses showed one isoform, here called MpPTOXa, is closely related occurring in plants and some algae, while other MpPTOXb, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Mutants each isoform were created CRISPR/Cas9 tec...

The nutritional attributes of sesame, Sesamum indicum, vary substantially and are primarily influenced by the plant’s genetic makeup. This investigation accessed biochemical composition sesame mutants from two generations. Seeds eleven M3 lines were planted in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) to raise M4 lines, which advanced M5 generation. seeds harvested at maturity, their compositio...

Objective(s): Oncolytic Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer therapy. However, development of novel oncolytic mutants has remained a major challenge owing to low efficiency of conventional genome editing methods. Recently, CRISPR-Cas9 has revolutionized genome editing.Materials and Methods: I...

Abstract In grasses, biomass and grain production are affected by plant architecture traits such as tiller number, leaf size orientation. Thus, knowledge regarding their genetic basis is a prerequisite for developing new improved varieties. Mutant screens represent powerful approach to identify factors underpinning these traits: the Hor TILLUS population, obtained mutagenesis of spring two-row ...

effects of induced mutation via gamma irradiated with 250 gy dose (in nuclear agriculture research school- nuclear science and technology research institute) on trichoderma harzianum conidiaon chitinase activity by sts molecular marker have been evaluated in this study. among 20 irradiated mutants which selected via improved antagonistic capability against rhizoctonia solani, pcr amplified chit...