Abstract Approximately 50% of all brain metastasis cases originate from primary lung tumors. Whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) is a common treatment for patients with multiple metastases, but rarely survive longer than one year after diagnosis. Recent studies demonstrate improved outcomes combinatorial radiotherapy and immunotherapy, the optimal timing immunotherapy administration unclear. E...

Abstract Pneumoviruses such as the respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) are leading cause of acute lower tract infection, mainly in infants, elderly immunocompromised individuals, causing high morbidity mortality rates. However, these viruses can neurological alterations, encephalitis encephalopathy. Viral RNA pro-inflammatory molecules have been found patients wi...

we have previously evaluated the effect of nimodipine, l-type calcium channel blocker, on memory loss during spontaneous morphine withdrawal. in the present study the effect of nimodipine on memory loss in naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal mice was investigated. mice were made dependent by increasing doses of morphine for three days. object recognition task that was used for evaluation of me...

The transplantation of adipose-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (ADSCs) in Parkinson’s disease/parkinsonism is a promising area their therapy. effects such may be influenced by the age donor and biologically active factors. purpose study to compare effect transplanted ADSCs mice different on parameters behaviour, oxidative stress neuroinflammation brain with an experimental model p...

Background & Aims: Neurogenesis in the adult mammal brain occurs throughout life. Adult neurogenesis has been clearly demonstrated in the sub granular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus (DG) in the hippocampus. Pheromones that plays an essential role in the development of the central nervous system. The male pheromones are involved in regulating neurogenesis in both the olfactory bulb and hippocam...

Electromagnetic waves are widely used in several applications. However, many unanswered questions remain about the effects of electromagnetic on living organisms. One investigations such biological is evaluation behavior when a body exposed to waves. In previous study, it was suggested that magnetic fields with frequency 400 kHz, exposure time 24 hours, and field strength 10 A/m may affect mice...

Background: For preclinical evaluations of radiopharmaceuticals, most studies are carried out on mice. Values of electron specific absorbed fractions (SAF) have had vital role in the assessment of absorbed dose. In past studies, electron specific absorbed fractions were given for limited source target pairs using older reports of human organ compositions.Objective: Electron specific absorbed fr...

although the majority of the patients with traumatic brain injury presents with injuries involving the extremities, there was a clear paucity of adequate experimental polytrauma models. to close this gap, we conducted several studies to establish two different polytrauma mice models including both closed and open traumatic brain injury. male c57bl mices with a mean weight of 23g were anesthetiz...

background: nicotine can pass through placental blood barrier and accumulate in the developing organs of fetus. also, entering the breast milk, nicotine can have an effect on the neonates. investigations have showed that collagen iv is one of the most important micro vessels basement membrane components. objective:  in this study, the effect of maternal nicotine exposure in pre and postnatal pe...

Alzheimer’s disease is a chronic neurodegenerative among the elderly population. Various genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors have been associated with etiology of disease. Cigarette smoke has reported to be major predisposing factor for contributes development. Conversely, studies beneficial effects brain training on condition. The purpose this study was evaluate effect task in cigaret...