Summary The sequestration of damaged mitochondria within double-membrane structures termed autophagosomes is a key step PINK1/Parkin mitophagy. ATG4 family proteases are thought to regulate autophagosome formation exclusively by processing the ubiquitin-like ATG8 (LC3/GABARAPs). We discover that human ATG4s promote independently their protease activity and processing. proximity network...

cd8 deficiency is a rare primary immunodeficiency with low or absent peripheral cd8 cells which results from tap deficiency, zap 70 deficiency and cd8 α gene mutation. we report a 14 year old female who presented with a history of recurrent pneumonia, bronchiectasis, otitis, severe varicella, herpetic lesions of mouth, bilateral uveitis, and cataract formation since the age of 8 years. she had ...

BACKGROUND Trichoderma reesei is one of the most important fungi utilized for cellulase production. However, its cellulase system has been proven to be present in suboptimal ratio for deconstruction of lignocellulosic substrates. Although previous enzymatic optimization studies have acquired different types of in vitro synthetic mixtures for efficient lignocellulose hydrolysis, production of in...

β -Glucosidase (BGL) is a hydrolytic enzyme with specificity for a wide variety of glycoside substrates, being an enzyme with a large range of biotechnological applications. However, enzyme properties can be different depending both on the microorganism and the cultivation procedure employed. Therefore, in order to explore potential biocatalytical applications of novel enzymes, their characteri...

BACKGROUND In the bioconversion of lignocellulosic substrates, the adsorption behavior of cellulase onto lignin has a negative effect on enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose, decreasing glucose production during enzymatic hydrolysis, thus decreasing the yield of fermentation and the production of useful products. Understanding the interaction between lignin and cellulase is necessary to optimize t...

Background. Glycoprotein (GP) Ia/IIa or α2β1 integrin is a platelet receptor for collagen and it mediates platelet adhesion to vascular subendothelium and is involved in thromb formation. Genetic polymorphism of α2β1 known as Bgl II affects the density of platelet GP Ia/IIa receptor on the platelet surface. Recent studies had shown relationship between this polymorphism and the risk of myocardi...

Purification of biotechnologically important proteins is of vital interest to the biotech industry. β-Glucosidases, belonging to Family 1 and Family 3 of the glycosylhydrolases, have varied applications as carbohydrate hydrolyzing and synthesizing enzymes. Obtaining high quantities of these enzymes is important for exploring their biosynthetic potential, structural information and catalytic act...

Among the many challenges in getting BlueGene/L into production was the initial under-performance of the Lustre-based parallel file system. This report focuses on the role of visualization tools that assisted in understanding and improving performance. The authors were able to bring about a two-fold increase in the delivered I/O performance.