Epistemic logic has become a major field of philosophical logic ever since the groundbreaking work by Hintikka (1962). Despite its various successful applications in theoretical computer science, AI, and game theory, the technical development of the field has been mainly focusing on the propositional part, i.e., the propositional modal logics of “knowing that”. However, knowledge is expressed i...

Although educators have long recognised prior learning and life experience in their pedagogical strategies epistemological or cultural difference has not generally been legitimated. Knowledge originating from within non-western cultural groups, whether indigenous or migratory has not been valued. Such hegemony has created negative consequences for members of minority groups and has led to the e...

There are two main issues I want to address in this response to Peter Cheeseman's \An inquiry into computer understanding" (hereafter, abbreviated as Inquiry) and \In defense of`An inquiry into computer understand-ing' " (hereafter, abbreviated as Defense): (1) the \right" approach to reasoning about uncertainty and (2) the relationship between logic and probability. 1 Cheeseman's positions on ...

The concept of cultural survival is fundamental when describing the selection processes involved in evolution. However, its application by Skinner was inconsistent. As a result, distinct and sometimes contradictory interpretations regarding what it means for culture to survive occasionally emerge behavior-analytic literature. In this article, we aim identify stimuli that prompted emit verbal re...