BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Inflow jet characteristics may be related to aneurysmal bleb formation and rupture. We investigated the visualization threshold on the basis of the flow velocity in the parent artery to classify the inflow jet patterns observed on 4D flow MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-seven unruptured aneurysms (24 bifurcation and 33 sidewall aneurysms) were subjected to 4D fl...

We discuss the properties of a system composed by a static plasma traversed by a jet of particles. Assuming that both the jet and the plasma can be described using a hydrodynamical approach, and in the conformal limit, we find that unstable modes arise when the velocity of the jet is larger than the speed of the sound of the plasma and only modes with momenta smaller than a certain values are u...

A 2D (axisymmetric) computational study of the discharge characteristics of an atmospheric pressure plasma jet as a function of gas flow rate was performed. The helium jet emerged from a dielectric tube, with an average gas flow velocity in the range 2.5–20 m s−1 (1 atm, 300 K) in a nitrogen ambient, and impinged on a substrate a short distance dowstream. The effect of the substrate conductivit...

BACKGROUND One of the most important challenges about the Membrane Bio Reactors is membrane fouling. Fouling has been at the centre of a globe debate for more recent years. It leads to high operational and maintenance costs such as membrane damage and replacement of membrane. Membrane fouling is attributed to the physicochemical interactions between the bio fluid and membrane. In order to decre...

we demonstrate that photothermal deflection spectroscopy can be used to measure velocity distributions in dye jets. such measurements are useful in determining the quality of flow in dye jets, the quality of jets is very important for a stable and naanow linewidth operation of dye lasers

The admittance o• a turbulent jet as the generator in organ flue pipes was investigated experimentally with respect o the relevant parameters, that is, the frequency, the jet effiux velocity, the mouth end-correction, and the jet tip deflection at the cdge. First, an experiment was performed using a jet with a pulsating velocity to drive a pipe to isolate and identify the various drive mechanis...

This paper presents the design, development and characterization of contractile water jet thruster (CWJT) for mini underwater robot. Instead of electric motor, this CWJT utilizes the Ionic Polymer Metal Composite (IPMC) as the actuator to generate the water jet. The main focus of this paper is to analyze the conceptual design of the proposed CWJT which would determine the thrust force value, je...

This paper reports on the results of experimental investigations of flash evaporation from superheated jet issues vertically upward from a round straight nozzle of 81.3 mm diameter. For the investigated range of jet superheat degree and velocity, it was shown that flash evaporation enhances with initial temperature increase. Due to the increase of jet inertia and subsequently the delay of jet s...

An experimental study of plasma jet at atmospheric pressure was carried out to examine the influence of external transverse magnetic field on it. A magnetic field was applied to the jet in atmospheric pressure by means of a pair of coils, same Helmholtz coil configuration. It was applied transverse to the jet flow. The strength of the direct current magnetic field was 00.057 Tesla between the t...

Background. Magnetic resonance (MR) phase-shift velocity mapping is an established method for measurement of nonturbulent intravascular flow. Shortening the echo time of the MR sequence to 3.6 msec allowed application of the technique to turbulent jet flow. The objective of this study was validation of MR jet velocity mapping in patients with cardiac valve stenosis. Methods and Results. We used...