Arachidonic acid (AA), which is released from phospholipids in the cell membrane by a variety of stimuli, has physiological and pathophysiological roles on cardiovascular system. The current study designed to determine effect intravenously (iv) injected AA electrocardiography (ECG) anesthetized rats. 
 ECG waves obtained lead II were written placing electrodes limbs ketamine xylazine mixtu...

conclusions according to the results of the current study, postoperative analgesia in children was improved in the ketamine group. therefore, for better management of posttonsillectomy pain, low-dose ketamine administration with paracetamol is recommended. results there was no significant difference between the two groups considering demographic data (age, sex distribution, weight and height). ...

conclusions the addition of ketamine to intravenous fentanyl plus acetaminophen pca had not extra effects in relieving post abdominal surgery pain. results there were no significant demographic differences between two groups. pain scores (at rest, while moving and coughing) during the first 48 hours were not significantly different between two groups (p values = 0.361, 0.367 and 0.204, respecti...

BACKGROUND Exposure of rhesus macaque fetuses for 24 h or neonates for 9 h to ketamine anesthesia causes neuroapoptosis in the developing brain. The current study clarifies the minimum exposure required for and the extent and spatial distribution of ketamine-induced neuroapoptosis in rhesus fetuses and neonates. METHOD Ketamine was administered by IV infusion for 5 h to postnatal day 6 rhesus...

BACKGROUND Perioperative ketamine infusion reduces postoperative pain; perioperative lidocaine infusion reduces postoperative narcotic consumption, speeds recovery of intestinal function, improves postoperative fatigue, and shortens hospital stay. However, it is unknown whether perioperative IV lidocaine and/or ketamine enhances acute functional recovery. We therefore tested the primary hypothe...

BACKGROUND Ketamine is used as an analgesic for treatment of acute and chronic pain. While ketamine has a stimulatory effect on the cardiovascular system, little is known about the concentration-effect relationship. We examined the effect of S(+)-ketamine on cardiac output in healthy volunteers and chronic pain patients using a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling approach. METHODS In 10 ...

conclusions iv bolus injection of propofol-ketamine can lead to more patients’ satisfaction than the other protocols during colonoscopy. results mean satisfaction scores in the group pk were significantly higher than the group pf (p = 0.005) while the level of sedation during the procedure was similar (p = 0.17). hemodynamic parameters and spo2 values were not significantly different (p > 0.05)...

Background:Postanesthetic shivering (PAS) isrelativelycommon side-effectof general anesthesia. We examined the preventive effects of ondansetron,ketamineor both on postanesthetic shivering. Patients and Methods:In this prospective, randomized, double-blindcontrolled trial, 120 ASA I-II, patients, undergoing ENTsurgery under general anesthesia were randomly assigned to one of four equal groups r...

Propofol, a commonly used anesthetic, often causes pain on injection. Several methods have been described to reduce this pain, however, complete inhibition has not been achieved. Our randomized, placebo controlled, double blind study has been conducted to compare the analgesic efficacy of iv pretreatment of ketamine, meperidine, thiopental, lidocaine to minimize the injection pain of propofol. ...