IP can help to address social challenges, including health care, poverty and food security, and environmental sustainability. Innovation is a critical part of the solution when tackling important societal challenges, and IP rights provide businesses with incentives to invest in relevant inventions so as to produce needed innovations. Creating this knowledge and facilitating access and transfer ...

The concepts that underpin the protection of ideas and inventions are not new; such laws have been around for several hundred years and are discussed under the broad heading of intellectual property (IP). IP is easily misunderstood, but at the same time most scientists encounter it at some point in their career, as it is a necessary feature in the commercialization of research. The term intelle...

North–South foreign direct investment (FDI) is frequently viewed as a process in which jobs relocate from the North to South. I build growth model with two asymmetric trading economies, where firms innovate and South Northern invest take advantage of lower wages. Contrary expectation, find that FDI costs increase unemployment both There are effects on unemployment, positive one contributes turn...

A new watermarking method for intellectual property (IP) protection is presented. The proposed method uses a uniquely generated stream of bits, known as a watermark, embedded into the self-test circuit to represent ownership. This scheme can detect the ownership rights of the IP provider even when the chip has been packaged. Experimental results show the proposed embedding technique can survive...

The paper is devoted to the legislative and organizational instruments employed ensure protection of results intellectual activity commercialization rights them in member countries Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), particular Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Uzbekistan (Observer EAEU). authors have examined regulatory legal framework field property EAEU countries, experience nati...

Developing countries, particularly the BRIC countries of Brazil, Russia, India, and China, should accommodate their national systems of innovation to the worldwide intellectual property (IP) regime emerging after the adoption of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) in a way that maximizes global economic welfare in the foreseeable future. As many develo...

Intellectual property (IP) rights have always had difficulties to cope with disrup-tive technologies. Development of AI-implemented works and common use it pushes the boundaries IP protection. Increase machines which can inde-pendently act or create things posed a numerous concern patent system such as how will inventive step, prior art, inventorship technical contri-bution evaluated. Neverthel...

We provide an analysis of IEEE standard P1735, which describes methods for encrypting electronic-design intellectual property (IP), as well as the management of access rights for such IP. We find a surprising number of cryptographic mistakes in the standard. In the most egregious cases, these mistakes enable attack vectors that allow us to recover the entire underlying plaintext IP. Some of the...

With the introduction of Generalized multiprotocol label switching in the common control plane for optical crossconnects and electrical switching devices, the integration of IP and dense wavelength division multiplexing can be efficiently achieved. When IP traffic flows are directly mapped to optical channels without SDH inter-layer, the bursty nature of IP traffic may have significant effect o...