We study the effect of government encouraged or mandated interchange fee ceilings on consumer and merchant adoption and usage of payment cards in an economy where card acceptance is far from complete. If the pre-regulatory interchange fee was optimal, any change in the interchange fee would result in lower aggregate welfare for consumers, merchants, and banks. Merchant acceptance of debit and c...

the dependence on ionic strength of protonation of l-aspartic acid and its complexation withdioxouranium(vi) is reported in sodium perchlorate solution as a background salt. the measurementshave been performed at 25 ± 0.1 °c and various ionic strengths in the range 0.1 to 1.0 mol dm-3, using acombination of potentiometric and spectrophotometric techniques. the overall analysis of the present an...

The pollution of water bodies due to the discharge effluents without treatment is a global problem. Therefore, different technologies have been implemented for removal contaminants from wastewater before final disposition. Among them, adsorption processes using residual biomasses are becoming very popular low cost and high availability adsorbents. Thus, in present work, synthesis modified bioch...

While significant progress has been made in understanding the theoretical properties of different argumentation logics and in specifying argumentation dialogues, there remain major barriers to the development and practical deployment of argumentation systems. One of these barriers is the lack of a shared, agreed notation or “interchange format” for argumentation and arguments. In the last years...

XMI is a standardized mechanism for exchanging UML models. However, this mechanism does not sufficiently fulfill the goal of a model interchange: it does not include the exchange of diagram information. XMI as defined for UML 1.x is only capable of transporting information on the elements in an UML model but not information as to how these elements are represented and laid out in diagrams. This...