PURPOSE To evaluate the concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in aqueous humor after a single intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (IVB) in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS In this prospective interventional case series study, 24 eyes of 24 patients with types 1 and 2 choroidal neovascularization secondary to neovascular AMD were trea...

PURPOSE Plasma kallikrein is a serine protease and circulating component of inflammation, which exerts clinically significant effects on vasogenic edema. This study examines the role of plasma kallikrein in VEGF-induced retinal edema. METHODS Intravitreal injections of VEGF and saline vehicle were performed in plasma prekallikrein-deficient (KLKB1-/-) and wild-type (WT) mice, and in both rats...

Wet age-related macular degeneration (wet AMD) is the most common cause of blindness, and chronic intravitreal injection anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) proteins has been dominant therapeutic approach. Less a prolonged inter-injection interval are main drivers behind new wet AMD drug innovations. By rationally engineering surface residues model anti-VEGF nanobody, we obtained ser...

AIMS To report a case of wet age-related macular degeneration (wet-AMD) refractory to intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy in a patient who showed visual and anatomical improvement and stabilization after starting a subcutaneous treatment course with adalimumab, an anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) drug, for concomitant Crohn's disease. METHODS Obser...

Last year our group published the case of a foveal longstanding retinal macroaneurysm successfully treated with intravitreal ranibizumab. Few studies have also reported the safety and effectiveness of intravitreal vascular endothelium growth factor inhibitors (anti-VEGF) in the management of symptomatic retinal arterial macroaneurysms. In this commentary we make a brief review of this clinical ...

BACKGROUND Diabetic macular edema (DME) is one of the manifestations of diabetic retinopathy leading to loss of central vision and visual acuity. It manifests itself with swelling around the central part of the retina, the area responsible for sharp vision. Current treatment includes laser therapy and intravitreal steroids with preventative measures including diabetes control. No one treatment ...

UNLABELLED Off-label intravitreal use of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibody bevacizumab for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) increases despite lack of studies on safety, pharmacokinetics and dosage in developing individuals. Systemic absorption has been considered negligible. A literature search was performed with emphasis on potential adverse systemic effects in developing ...

diabetic macular edema (dme) is a leading cause of vision loss in the working-age population worldwide. numerous early studies suggest an important role for intravitreal anti-vegf agents such as bevacizumab in the management of dme. we reviewed manuscripts that had investigated pharmacokinetic, efficacy, safety, dose and frequency of intravitreal bevacizumab (ivb) injections as well as effect o...

Abstract Background About 90% of cancer-related deaths are due to metastasis cancer cells, and angiogenesis is a critical step in this process. sFLT01 novel fusion protein dual-targeting agent that neutralizes both VEGF PlGF proangiogenic activities. GRP78 dual effect tumor growth could be activated under stimulation. The current study was designed investigate the inhibitory impact on VEGF/GRP7...

PURPOSE To present the case of a patient with bilateral hypertensive retinopathy complicated with retinal neovascularization who received anti-VEGF intravitreal injection in one eye and panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) in the fellow eye. METHODS A 33-year-old male patient presented with gradual visual loss in both eyes for the last 5 months. At that time, he was examined by an ophthalmologis...