The growing healthy aging population in Europe is a heterogeneous group with varying nutritional needs, especially in association with problems like decreased sense of smell and taste, saliva production, chewing and swallowing problems besides all disease problems that put specific demands on the dietary intake and the role of the intestinal metabolism. To investigate this, one must clarify whi...

Increased amounts of intestinal endotoxin are absorbed in obstructive jaundice. The precise mechanism is not known but the increased absorption may arise from alterations in the luminal contents, in the intestinal flora, in the gut wall or in interactions between all three. To examine the effects of the intestinal flora we have compared the morphological changes in the small intestine in obstru...

The nature and magnitude of fluid and electrolyte loss into the small intestine were defined by the marker perfusion technique in patients with acute undifferentiated diarrhea (AUD) in the tropics. The patients were divided into two groups according to their small bowel bacteriologic findings, namely those with a predominant Escherichia coli flora and those with a mixed flora. 11 normal subject...

Humans have an important association with their intestinal microbial flora. The microbial flora helps to shape the mammalian innate immune system, absorbs nutrients, and plays an intricate role on intestinal development. Microbes and mammals communicate with each other through an array of hormone and hormonelike chemical compounds. These "signals," however, are hijacked by bacterial pathogens, ...

The concept of probiotic has been around for more than century. Their impact on human nutrition is still an emerging science, and knowledge of human intestinal micro flora is still growing. To determine the positive effect of probiotic strain, necessary tools are required to monitor the specific strain in the intestines. The addition of molecular methods to conventional microbiological methods ...

Germfree and conventional-flora Sprague-Dawley rats were fed sodium nitrate or sodium nitrite in their drinking water (1,000 microgram/ml), and various organs, tissues, and sections of the intestinal tract were assayed for nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite (NO2-) by a spectrophotometric method. When fed NO3-, germfree rats had chemically detectable levels of NO3- (only) in the stomach, small intestine...

An investigation was carried out of the aerobic gram-negative intestinal flora of 158 penguins, 30 skuas, and 66 seals from the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic zones and Phillip Island. Among penguins and seals, 17% and 11%, respectively, were devoid of aerobic enteric organisms, but microscopic examination showed the presence of other bacteria. The coliforms outnumbered the paracolons and nonlacto...