OBJECTIVES (S)-Mandelate dehydrogenase (SMDH) and laccase were immobilized on chitosan. The bi-enzymatic system with immobilized SMDH and immobilized laccase was taken to catalyze the stereoselective transformation of racemic mandelic acid and (R)-mandelic acid was obtained from its racemic mixture. RESULTS Characteristics of the immobilized enzymes were valuated. The optimum pH and temperatu...

The entrapment of enzymes in organic, inorganic or biomaterials can yield active immobilized biocatalysts for chemical transformations without the need to form covalent bonds with protein.

The authors describe an automated, data-rich screening and process development method for rapid discovery, development, optimization of immobilized enzymes, critical to many biocatalytic processes.

The immobilization of cellulolytic enzymes via nanosupport minimizes the problem of steric hindrances between enzyme and carrier, as it has been frequently observed in case of enzymes immobilized on the surface of bulk supports. Cellulolytic enzymes immobilized on the surface of nanomaterials or entrapped inside polymeric nanospheres showed high catalytic efficiency and yield of immobilization....

We compare the catalytic activities of enzymes immobilized on silicon surfaces with and without orientation. While oriented sulfotransferases selectively immobilized on an otherwise zero-background surface via 6xHis tags faithfully reflect activities of solution phase enzymes, those with random orientation on the surface do not. This finding demonstrates that controlling the orientation of immo...

A continuous-flow clinical analyzer for the routine estimation of urea is described that makes use of an immobilized-enzyme nylon-tube reactor as part of a flow-through system (a Technicon AutoAnalyzer I). Results of blood-urea analyses by use of the immobilized urease are compared with determinations made with the diacetyl monoxime method and the urease solution method. Clinical trials carried...

Partially purified α-galactosidase from Bacillus sp. LX-1 was non-covalently immobilized on a reversibly soluble-insoluble polymer, Eudragit L-100, and an immobilization efficiency of 0.93 was obtained. The optimum pH of the free and immobilized enzyme was 6.5 to 7.0 and 7.0, respectively, while there was no change in optimum temperature between the free and immobilized α-galactosidase. The imm...

Biodiesel consists monoalkyl esters of long chain fatty acids. It is produced from vegetable oils or fats either by chemical transesterification or by lipase-catalyzed transesterification with methanol or ethanol. Biodiesel is a green fuel and can be used as a blend with diesel or alone. Either way, it does not require any modification in engine design or storage facilities. The enzymatic proce...