one of the main dichotomies in syntactic analyses deals with the distinction between lexical and functional categories. functional categories gain in stature as the generative grammar moves ahead. they come into play in explaining the derivation stages of phrases and sentences. the present study critically evaluates different approaches to the role and function of one of these functional catego...

extended abstract 1. introduction nowadays kurdish language is often divided to 3 main groups: 1-the southern group consists of several incongrous accents that are spoken in the sout of iranian kurdistan. 2-the central group consists of iraqi northeastern kurdish, kurdistan of iran and the adjacent areas around it and called surani. 3-northern kurdi wich is the language of more than ⅔ of kurdis...

Few medical journals specifically instruct authors to use the active voice and avoid the passive voice, but advice to that effect is common in the large number of stylebooks and blogs aimed at medical and scientific writers. Such advice typically revolves around arguments that the passive voice is less clear, less direct, and less concise than the active voice, that it conceals the identity of ...

Recent ERP findings challenge the widespread assumption that syntactic and semantic processes are tightly coupled. Syntactically well-formed sentences that are semantically anomalous due to thematic mismatches elicit a P600, the component standardly associated with syntactic anomaly. This 'thematic P600' effect has been attributed to detection of semantically plausible thematic relations that c...

This paper proposes a dictionary-based method of recognizing and paraphrasing Japanese periphrastic and overlapping verb phrases. Periphrastic VP is a phrase in which the verb or the noun functions as an adverb, voice or aspect. Overlapping VP is a phrase in which there is an overlapping meaning between the verb and the noun. The result of our experiment showed that the method can deal with tho...

This article proposes that verbs in Matlatzinca (Otomian; Oto-Pamean; Oto-Manguean) fall into five inflectional classes, which the authors call ‘conjugations’. The focuses on forms make up paradigms of these classes. conjugations are based constructs largely periphrastic composition, means exponents constructions not prefixes but behave like prosodic words, independent from lexical stem verb be...

This research is case study which was designed to investigate the acquisition of tense by Persian and English speaking children between 2to4 years aged. Four girls were precisely analyzed in order to figure how the tense of verbs is effective in their speaking that learners need to succeed in their daily lives. The subjects were randomly selected to study and the matter of gender was not consid...

With this research we investigated the real-time electrophysiological correlates of noun-verb agreement checking during the comprehension of normal passive sentences in French. Event-related potentials were acquired while participants read passive sentences that contained covert (singular, masculine) or overt (plural, feminine) noun verb agreement. Results show that the processing of agreeing v...