Development of state-of-the-art selective adsorbent materials for recovery rare earth elements (REEs) is essential their sustainable usage. In this study, a metal-organic framework (MOF), MIL-101(Cr), was synthesized and post-synthetically modified with optimised loading the organophosphorus compounds tributyl phosphate (TBP), bis(2-ethylhexyl) hydrogen (D2EHPA, HDEHP) bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl...

In Esteban and Ray (1999, Inequality public allocation and development, Mimeo.) we formalize a model in which individuals lobby before the government in order to bene"t from some productivity-enhancing government action (infrastructures, direct subsidies, permissions, in short). The government honestly tries to allocate these permissions to the agents that will make the best use of them, as rev...

During cotranslational protein translocation, the ribosome associates with a membrane channel, formed by the Sec61 complex, and recruits the translocon-associated protein complex (TRAP). Here we report the structure of a ribosome-channel complex from mammalian endoplasmic reticulum in which the channel has been visualized at 11 A resolution. In this complex, single copies of Sec61 and TRAP asso...

A number of cross-country comparisons do not find a robust negative relationship between government size and economic growth. In part this may reflect the prediction in economic theory that a negative relationship should exist primarily for rich countries with large public sectors. In this paper an econometric panel study is conducted on a sample of rich countries covering the 1970–95 period. E...

We look at the consequences of allowing public health insurance (PuHI) to be voluntary when its coverage can be supplemented in the market. PuHI redistributes with respect to risk and income, and the market is affected by adverse selection. We argue that making PuHI voluntary does not lead to its collapse since there are always individuals participating in it. Additionally, in some cases, a vol...

Using a gift exchange experiment, we show that the ability of reciprocity to overcome incentive problems inherent in principal-agent settings is greatly reduced when the agent’s effort is distorted by random shocks and transmitted imperfectly to the principal. Specifically, we find that gift exchange contracts without shocks encourage effort and wages well above standard predictions. However, t...

Project-financing and public-private partnership schemes are joint projects of investment that are generally submitted to investment valuation criteria based on compound discounting. However, the theoretical basis of these criteria is at issue nowadays. According to recent studies on relational contracting economics and behavioral finance, joint projects of investment can be considered as speci...

To improve the safety of cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine (HMX) particles, polymer thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) and nitrocellulose (NC) were introduced to coat HMX powder by water-solution suspension method internal solution method, respectively. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) X-ray photo-electron spectrometry (XPS) employed characterize samples role NC TPU in coating process...