sa'adi shirazi, as one of the greatest persian poets, was also fluent in arabic language. despite his fluency in arabic, he has few poems in this language; however these few poems show his high position among iranian poets who composed in arabic. metaphor as an important rhetoric figure would be analyzed in sa’adi’s poems to show how much the manner of metaphor use, both in terms of form o...

Introduction: Cognitive linguists believe that metaphor is a cognitive phenomenon, and that what appears in language is just the aspect of cognitive phenomenon Metaphor is one of the basic interdisciplinary concepts that has been paid more attention to its fundamental role in various aspects of psychology, medicine, including cancer in recent years. Methods:. From the point of view of cognitiv...

when studying russian morphology, one can distinguish two categories. these categories are “grammatical” and “lexico-grammatical”. grammatical categories can be specified through a series of grammatical features of words. considering different criteria, russian grammarians and linguists divide grammatical categories of their language into different types. in determining lexico-grammatical types...

there have been two custom views on the relation of metaphor and philosophy.some philosophers (esp.analytical philosophers)take metaphor dispensable,and tend to philosophical texts without metaphor,constituted on proper usage of words. others take metaphor indispensable as the foundation of philosophical concepts.this attitude usually implies reducing philosophy to mythological discourse and in...

1. introduction metaphor definition in islamic rhetoric has similarities with the theories of metaphor in the west. these similarities do not mean that the traditional definition still works so that rethinking of definition and providing new definitions is not necessary anymore. such an approach certainly will not be promising. the result of these efforts will enclose metaphor in the realm of r...

OBJECTIVE Previous work investigating deficits in self-appraisal in behavioural-variant frontotemporal degeneration (bvFTD) has focused on a single domain: social/behavioural processes. We examined whether a domain-specific versus multi-domain model best explains degraded self-appraisal in bvFTD. METHODS 49 patients with bvFTD and 73 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) were administered qu...

Nominalization is a very universal phenomenon in English written language as well as other languages. It has compact relations with written texts that it becomes one of important components in the formal style writing such as technical writing or legal writing. However, this does not mean that we should use as many nominalizations as possible in formal written texts. Overuse of nominalization i...