Whether mental stress is important in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal disorders is not clearly established. This study investigated the relationship between sympathetic activation caused by the Stroop's colour word conflict test and gastric mucosal function, monitored by measuring the gastric mucosal electrical potential difference (PD). In 13 healthy volunteers and 12 duodenal ulcer patien...

Biopsy specimens of gastric and duodenal mucosa from 290 patients were examined histologically for metaplasia and Campylobacter pyloridis. Estimates of pH on samples of fasting gastric juice from 55 of the patients were performed, and mucosal biopsy specimens from 33 patients were also cultured for C pyloridis. Active duodenitis was seen in 34 duodenal biopsy specimens. Thirty (88%) of the pati...

Helicobacter pylori infection may be associated with duodenal ulcer (DU) and accompanied by enhanced gastrin release but the mechanism of this H pylori related hypergastrinaemia in DU patients is unclear. Cholecystokinin (CCK) has been implicated in the feedback control of gastrin release and gastric acid secretion in healthy subjects. This study therefore investigated if CCK participates in th...

OBJECTIVES To determine the efficacy of nasogastric administration of omeprazole suspension in raising the gastric pH >4 in critically ill pediatric patients and to determine the most appropriate dosing regimen for this indication. DESIGN Open-label pharmacodynamic study. SETTING Twenty-six bed tertiary-care pediatric intensive care unit. PATIENTS Mechanically ventilated children aged 1-1...

Using a radioimmunoassay directed toward the COOH-terminal, biologically active region of mammalian neurotensin (NT), the rapid (within seconds) generation of immunoreactive NT (iNT) during acid extraction of mammalian and avian gastric tissues has been demonstrated. Levels of iNT were shown to increase 25-200-fold in time. The reaction occurred in 0.1 N HCl and 2 N acetic acid and was prevente...

Oral calcium carbonate (0-5 g, pH 9-4) increased serum gastrin and gastric acid output with slight but insignificant change in serum calcium. A similar rise in serum calcium during an intravenous infusion of calcium gluconate failed to increase serum gastrin and gastric acid output. Both intragastric calcium actions were abolished by acidification of the calcium carbonate solution (pH 1-0). The...

Patients with dysphagia due to oropharyngeal disease or cerebrovascular accident require long-term nutritional support via enteral feeding, which often results in microbial overgrowth in the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Gastric acid is the primary innate defense mechanism in the stomach and has been assumed to provide an effective barrier to microbial colonization at pH values of <4. To e...

We have examined the back-diffusion of CO2 generated by buffering HCI with NaHCO, in the stomach, observed its influence on the pH in the wall of the gastric mucosa, and compared its effects with those of HCl. Isolated stomachs of 17 anesthetized dogs were exposed to either ( I ) 250 ml NaCl at pH 7, or (2) 125 ml HCl (12.5 meq) + 125 ml NaHCO, (12.5 meq) to generate 12.5 meq CO2 in the stomach...

The pH of the gastrointestinal tract can have profound influences on digestive processes. Rodents exhibit wide variation in both stomach morphology and dietary strategies, both of which may influence gut pH. Various rodent species have evolved bilocular (or semi-segmented) stomachs that may allow for more microbial growth compared to unilocular (single-chambered) stomachs. Additionally, herbivo...

This study aimed to assess the transit tolerance of potential probiotic dairy propionibacteria strains in human upper gastrointestinal tract in vitro, and to evaluate the effect of food addition on viability of these strains in simulated pH 2.0 gastric juices. The transit tolerance of 13 dairy propionibacteria strains was determined at 37 degrees C by exposing washed cell suspensions to simulat...