In this paper, PLL are most frequently used for Local Oscillator (LO) signal generation in wireless radio transceivers to down convert the carrier frequency to lower or intermediate frequency . The input reference frequency is 6.4 MHz. The architecture used for the design of Frequency synthesizer was Integer-N architecture. This was designed using 0.25 μm technology. The VCO designed was a CMOS...

I I I I / With the rapid advance in CMOS technology. the trend.of the VLSI then towards system-on-chip (SOC) where design methodology. cost. and turnaround time are major issues. Concepts of intellectual property (IP) are then proposed to fit for SOC designs. Based on a DFS controller IP [4]. a wideband digital frequency synthesizer (DFS) is proposed to fit in with the wireless LAN applications...

A quantization noise reduction technique is proposed that allows fractional-N frequency synthesizers to achieve high closed loop bandwidth and low output phase noise simultaneously. Quantization induced phase noise is the bottleneck in state-ofthe-art synthesizer design, and results in a noise-bandwidth tradeoff that typically limits closed loop synthesizer bandwidths to be <100kHz for adequate...

In this paper, a programmable phase-locked-loop (PLL)-based fractional-N frequency synthesizer, with the capacity of automatically adjusting the nominal frequency of voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is presented. The monolithic wideband VCO, with digital and analog control, is capable of operating from 1.6GHz to 2.5GHz. Analog control voltage is only varied from 0.8V to 1.2 V to improve the ...

This paper presents a fully integrated 20-GHz frequency synthesizer based on an integer-N fourth-order type-II phase-locked loop (PLL). The PLL synthesizer employing a cross-coupled LC VCO was fabricated in a 0.13-μm SiGe:C BiCMOS process with a small chip area of 0.48 mm. The VCO core current is 4 mA. The full tuning range of the VCO is 2.21 GHz from 19.9 to 22.11 GHz, and the PLL can synthesi...

110 SEPTEMBER 2004 n Part 1 of this article (in the July 2004 issue of IEEE Signal Processing Magazine), we presented an overview of the basics of direct digital frequency synthesis (DDS), simple formulas to compute bounds of the signal characteristics, and a scheme to improve the DDS spurious free dynamic range (SFDR). In this Part 2, we discuss additional tricks used to optimize DDS performan...

The cores of the ADPLL-based frequency synthesizer are digital controlled oscillator (DCO) and phase frequency detector (PFD). A modified digitally controlled delay element (DCDE) with characteristics of its monotonicity and insensitivity to PVT variations is presented for the DCO design. We also proposed a new PFD architecture that can finish phase and frequency comparison and adjustment in on...

...................................................................................iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .............................................................................................v TABLE OF CONTENTS..............................................................................................vi LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................